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CCR5 promoter activity correlates with HIV disease progression by regulating CCR5 cell surface expression and CD4 T cell apoptosis
Title
CCR5 promoter activity correlates with HIV disease progression by regulating CCR5 cell surface expression and CD4 T cell apoptosis.
Creator
Joshi, Anjali, Punke, Erin B., Sedano, Melina, Beauchamp, Bethany, Patel, Rima, Hossenlopp, Cassady, Alozie, Ogechika K., Gupta, Jayanta, Mukherjee, Debabrata, Garg, Himanshu
Abstract/Description
CCR5 is the major co-receptor for HIV and polymorphisms in the CCR5 gene as well as promoter region that alter cell surface expression have been associated with disease progression. We determined the relationship between CCR5 promoter polymorphisms and CD4 decline and other immunopathological features like immune activation and CD4+ T cell apoptosis in HIV patients. CCR5 promoter haplotype HHC was significantly associated with higher CD4 counts in patients. The relative promoter activity (RPA...
Show moreCCR5 is the major co-receptor for HIV and polymorphisms in the CCR5 gene as well as promoter region that alter cell surface expression have been associated with disease progression. We determined the relationship between CCR5 promoter polymorphisms and CD4 decline and other immunopathological features like immune activation and CD4+ T cell apoptosis in HIV patients. CCR5 promoter haplotype HHC was significantly associated with higher CD4 counts in patients. The relative promoter activity (RPA) of each haplotype was determined in vitro and combined promoter activity based on both alleles (CRPA) was assigned to each patients. Interestingly, CCR5 CRPA correlated inversely with CD4 counts and CD4:CD8 ratio specifically in viremic patients. In normal individuals, the CRPA correlated with the number of CCR5+ CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood suggesting an effect on CCR5 expression. In a subset of high viremic patients harboring R5 tropic HIV, there was a strong correlation between CCR5 CRPA and both CD4 counts and CD4 T cell apoptosis. Our study demonstrates that, CCR5 promoter polymorphisms correlate with CD4 T cell loss possibly by regulating CD4 T cell apoptosis in HIV patients. Furthermore, assigning CRPAs to each patient is a new method of translating genotype to phenotype.
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Date Issued
2017-12-22
Identifier
10.1038/s41598-017-00192-x, fgcu_ir_000078, http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-00192-x
Format
Citation
MANUAL THERAPY TREATMENT FOR LUMBAR STENOSIS AND ACCOMPANYING RADIATING PAIN
Title
MANUAL THERAPY TREATMENT FOR LUMBAR STENOSIS AND ACCOMPANYING RADIATING PAIN.
Creator
Emery, Ryan
Abstract/Description
Background and Purpose: Patients with lumbar stenosis and radiating pain are frequently treated using various forms of manual therapy. This case report study describes a single patient case and the treatment of lumbar stenosis and radiating pain using manual therapy techniques. Case Description: A 53-year-old female presented to outpatient care with 10/10 left lumbar pain and radiating pain present to posterior lateral mid-calf. The patient was in a motor vehicle accident three weeks ago....
Show moreBackground and Purpose: Patients with lumbar stenosis and radiating pain are frequently treated using various forms of manual therapy. This case report study describes a single patient case and the treatment of lumbar stenosis and radiating pain using manual therapy techniques. Case Description: A 53-year-old female presented to outpatient care with 10/10 left lumbar pain and radiating pain present to posterior lateral mid-calf. The patient was in a motor vehicle accident three weeks ago. Symptoms were provoked during right rotation and left lateral flexion of the lumbar spine as well as during prolonged sitting or walking. A multi-modal manual therapy based treatment approach was utilized which included: lumbar spine rotation (Grade II, III) mobilizations, soft tissue mobilization, and therapeutic exercise for lumbar pelvic stabilizer muscle strengthening and neuromuscular control. Outcome: After 12 visits over 5 weeks of treatment, the patient displayed significantly improved strength, range of motion, level of disability, centralization of pain, and reduction of pain. Discussion: While the results described in this case report cannot be generalized, it does depict a successful outcome of a patient with lumbar stenosis and radiating pain using manual therapy techniques and therapeutic exercise.
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Date Issued
2017
Identifier
Emery_fgcu_1743_10250
Format
Document (PDF)
Using Functional Movement Screen to Predict Injury in CrossFit® Athletes
Title
Using Functional Movement Screen to Predict Injury in CrossFit® Athletes.
Creator
Serenko, Jessica
Abstract/Description
CrossFit® training has become an increasingly popular trend in the fitness world, with the potential to be an effective form of training for athletes involved in a variety of sports. One criticism of CrossFit® training, however, has been that the relatively intense CrossFit® workouts put athletes at a significant risk of injury. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is a system that challenges and assesses an individual’s fundamental movement patterns to measure the stability and mobility of...
Show moreCrossFit® training has become an increasingly popular trend in the fitness world, with the potential to be an effective form of training for athletes involved in a variety of sports. One criticism of CrossFit® training, however, has been that the relatively intense CrossFit® workouts put athletes at a significant risk of injury. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is a system that challenges and assesses an individual’s fundamental movement patterns to measure the stability and mobility of the entire body. Since any area of the body that is not performing under optimal stability or mobility is at risk for injury, it is the goal of FMS to pinpoint any weaknesses within a dynamic and functional setting. Many movement patterns required in CrossFit® utilize components of the individual FMS test positions. The objective of this study was to determine if a correlation exists between the FMS and increased risk for injury during CrossFit® training. A cohort study was conducted on 24 CrossFit® athletes from a CrossFit® affiliate in Southwest Florida, ages 20 to 49. The athletes were assessed using the FMS screen, then observed for ten weeks tracking for injuries. Further research should be conducted to determine the validity of using the FMS to determine CrossFit® athletes that are at increased risk of injury. Due to limitations of having a small sample size, only tracking volunteers from a single location over a short window of time, using self-reported data, and participants having an inconsistent understanding of injury despite being given a standard definition to be used for the study, the researchers were not able to determine a statistically significant relationship between incidence of injury of FMS scores in CrossFit® athletes.
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Date Issued
2017
Identifier
Serenko_fgcu_1743_10251
Format
Document (PDF)