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- Title
- Determinants of dividend policies for ADR firms.
- Creator
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Allen, Marcus T., Perretti, Gizelle, Weeks, Henry
- Abstract / Description
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Cross-listed firms may face unique incentives for establishing dividend policies in comparison to US firms. This study aims to test the implications of the lifecycle and signaling theories of dividend policy in the context of non-US firms cross-listed on US stock exchanges via American depository receipts (ADRs). Design/methodology/approach - ADRs are classified according to the firms' dividend paying histories as regular payers, non-payers, former payers, new payers and switchers....
Show moreCross-listed firms may face unique incentives for establishing dividend policies in comparison to US firms. This study aims to test the implications of the lifecycle and signaling theories of dividend policy in the context of non-US firms cross-listed on US stock exchanges via American depository receipts (ADRs). Design/methodology/approach - ADRs are classified according to the firms' dividend paying histories as regular payers, non-payers, former payers, new payers and switchers. Multinomial logit regressions measure the likelihood of dividend payers to pay dividends, as well as the possibility of a dividend amount increase, decrease, or no change, based upon previously identified determinants of dividend payments and a measure of economic conditions in the home country. Findings - The results indicate that firm size, growth opportunities, and the mix of earned and contributed capital partially explain observed dividend policies for ADR firms. Multinomial logit regressions reveal profitability and home-country macro-economic conditions significantly affect ADR firms' decisions to change their dividend policies. Originality/value - The findings suggest macro-economic conditions affect dividend payment changes among ADR firms. The results also imply that the lifecycle and catering theories may help explain dividend changes among ADR firms.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2013-12-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000636
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Characterizing Student Finance Organizations – A Survey of FMAChapters.
- Creator
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Jones, Travis, Fraser, Steven, Weeks, Henry
- Abstract / Description
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This manuscript presents the results of a survey of faculty advisors of student chapters of the Financial Management Association International (FMA). The institutions, advisors, and chapters are characterized in an effort to better understand how institutions serve their students—through the management of chapters and also how institutions provide that service through assignment of faculty advisors. The evidence indicates that chapters provide a wide-range of services and opportunities to...
Show moreThis manuscript presents the results of a survey of faculty advisors of student chapters of the Financial Management Association International (FMA). The institutions, advisors, and chapters are characterized in an effort to better understand how institutions serve their students—through the management of chapters and also how institutions provide that service through assignment of faculty advisors. The evidence indicates that chapters provide a wide-range of services and opportunities to students through the chapters, yet there appears to be differing perspectives as to the role, nature, and assignment, of chapter advisors. 1
Show less - Date Issued
- 2009-06-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000668
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Determinants of Earnest Money Amounts in Real Estate Sell/Buy Contracts.
- Creator
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Allen, Marcus T., Weeks, Henry, Jones, Travis
- Abstract / Description
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In this study, we examine the factors that may influence the amount of earnest money deposits in real estate sell/buy contracts using contingent claims analysis within the Black-Scholes option pricing model, along with control variables for market trends and market customs. We find that earnest money amounts increase with property values, contract term, and property value volatility, and that earnest money amounts decrease with the risk-free rate. The data for the analysis come from HUD-1...
Show moreIn this study, we examine the factors that may influence the amount of earnest money deposits in real estate sell/buy contracts using contingent claims analysis within the Black-Scholes option pricing model, along with control variables for market trends and market customs. We find that earnest money amounts increase with property values, contract term, and property value volatility, and that earnest money amounts decrease with the risk-free rate. The data for the analysis come from HUD-1 Settlement Statements and the local MLS database for 670 residential real estate transactions.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014-01-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000629
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- A Note on the Premiums and Discounts Embedded in VIX Futures Prices.
- Creator
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Allen, Marcus T., Jones, Travis
- Abstract / Description
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This article illustrates the volatile nature of the premiums and discounts embedded in the prices of VIX (Chicago Board Options Exchange Market Volatility Index) futures contracts. The fact that the underlying VIX index cannot be traded leads VIX futures to be priced more on expectations of market participants than on a typical cost-of-carry relationship. As they near expiration, VIX futures, in the aggregate, tend to trade at an increased premium, when trading in contango, and at an...
Show moreThis article illustrates the volatile nature of the premiums and discounts embedded in the prices of VIX (Chicago Board Options Exchange Market Volatility Index) futures contracts. The fact that the underlying VIX index cannot be traded leads VIX futures to be priced more on expectations of market participants than on a typical cost-of-carry relationship. As they near expiration, VIX futures, in the aggregate, tend to trade at an increased premium, when trading in contango, and at an increased discount, when trading in backwardation. In addition, the premium in these contracts tends to peak as the VIX index nears a low, and the discount in the contracts tends to bottom as the index nears a high.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015-06-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000635
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- The Effect of Appurtenant Golf Memberships on Residential Real Estate Prices.
- Creator
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Allen, Marcus T., Fraser, Steven
- Abstract / Description
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Considerable prior research confirms the existence of real estate price premiums associated with golf course amenities in residential development projects. This study examines a unique residential development project in which membership in a golf club is appurtenant to the real estate: ownership of certain (but not all) dwellings in the project includes deeded membership in the project's golf club. In this development project, golf memberships can only be obtained or disposed of by acquiring...
Show moreConsiderable prior research confirms the existence of real estate price premiums associated with golf course amenities in residential development projects. This study examines a unique residential development project in which membership in a golf club is appurtenant to the real estate: ownership of certain (but not all) dwellings in the project includes deeded membership in the project's golf club. In this development project, golf memberships can only be obtained or disposed of by acquiring or selling the associated dwelling, respectively. The results of this analysis indicates that price premiums associated with appurtenant golf memberships, after controlling for golf course view and other relevant property characteristics, are significantly positive. Furthermore, the results indicate that the magnitude of the price premium for appurtenant golf memberships varies across dwelling types (detached vs. attached) in this project. These findings may be important for housing developers, consumers, lenders, appraisers, and property and income tax authorities.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016-01-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000633
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Accounts Receivable Factoring As A Response to Weak Governance: Panel Data Evidence.
- Creator
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Jones, Travis, Borgia, Daniel, Swaleheen, Mushfiq, Weeks, Henry
- Abstract / Description
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Accounts receivable factoring is a financing arrangement that occurs when a business sells its accounts receivables. Factoring has emerged as the most important source of working capital for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in many economies because weak laws, poor enforcement, and the associated informational opacity put the SMEs at a disadvantage when borrowing. This paper presents an empirical analysis of cross-country differences in factoring activity to determine whether the...
Show moreAccounts receivable factoring is a financing arrangement that occurs when a business sells its accounts receivables. Factoring has emerged as the most important source of working capital for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in many economies because weak laws, poor enforcement, and the associated informational opacity put the SMEs at a disadvantage when borrowing. This paper presents an empirical analysis of cross-country differences in factoring activity to determine whether the quality of governance is a significant determinant of the level of factoring activity. Our analysis is based on a reduced form model that relates a country’s factoring activity (turnover) to the quality of governance, while controlling for other determinants of factoring discussed in the literature. We use data for a panel of 59 countries, over the period 1995 – 2005. Our findings support the hypothesis that factoring is more prevalent in economies with weak governance. Additionally, we present evidence that factor turnover is decreasing in the incidence of corruption.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2010-02-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000666
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Speedways, Economic Development, and Home Values.
- Creator
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Jones, Travis, Ritchie, William J., Rubens, Arthur, Weeks, Henry
- Abstract / Description
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This case study is based on field research conducted for a local community to assess the impact of a proposed motorsports park on surrounding property values. The case places students in the role of consultants hired by the Collier County Airport Authority to provide a comprehensive analysis of the case reviewing the actions of the various parties, evaluating the project's anticipated economic impact, along with its impact on residential property values. There is little existing research on...
Show moreThis case study is based on field research conducted for a local community to assess the impact of a proposed motorsports park on surrounding property values. The case places students in the role of consultants hired by the Collier County Airport Authority to provide a comprehensive analysis of the case reviewing the actions of the various parties, evaluating the project's anticipated economic impact, along with its impact on residential property values. There is little existing research on the impact of motorsports parks on residential property values. Although the subject is of great interest to communities where raceways exist or are being proposed, no existing public analysis of the impact of raceways on residential property values is available. An economic impact study commissioned by the Motorsports Facility Advisory Committee indicated the proposed facility would directly impact the community adding $15 million during construction and $10 million annually from operations.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008-10-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000672
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- An Analysis of Investment Returns to Condominium Flipping: Evidence from South Florida.
- Creator
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Allen, Marcus T., Lusht, Kenneth, Weeks, Henry
- Abstract / Description
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The housing market in South Florida was kiln-hot between 2000 and mid-2006, with a total percent change of approximately 172% in the Federal Housing Finance Agency House Price Index (FHFA HPI) for the Fort Lauderdale-area during this time period. Almost as dramatically as the rising tide lifted house prices, so did the ebbing tide wash away substantial amounts of housing-stored wealth between the mid-2006 peak and mid-2011 trough. During this latter time period, the FHFA HPI for this market...
Show moreThe housing market in South Florida was kiln-hot between 2000 and mid-2006, with a total percent change of approximately 172% in the Federal Housing Finance Agency House Price Index (FHFA HPI) for the Fort Lauderdale-area during this time period. Almost as dramatically as the rising tide lifted house prices, so did the ebbing tide wash away substantial amounts of housing-stored wealth between the mid-2006 peak and mid-2011 trough. During this latter time period, the FHFA HPI for this market experienced a total percentage change of approximately -48%. The purpose of this study is to consider whether or not flippers systematically benefitted from buying and reselling housing units with certain characteristics during the recent housing boom and bust in the South Florida market. This study considers physical characteristics, property value strata, and transaction timing as potential determinants of investment returns to residential condominium flipping in South Florida from June 2005, to June 2007, a time period that includes a distinct housing price peak in June 2006.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015-10-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000627
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Golf Course Design and Real Estate Values: The Impact of Cart Paths on Condominium Prices.
- Creator
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Allen, Marcus T., Fraser, Steven
- Abstract / Description
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Most appraisers are well aware of the price premiums associated with golf course amenities in residential development projects. This study extends prior research by examining whether or not golf course condominium residences with a cart path proximate to the residence sell for lower prices. This analysis suggests that mere proximity to a cart path may reduce transaction prices by 5.1% in the study sample. The price impact is even larger when the condominium unit is proximate to a cart path...
Show moreMost appraisers are well aware of the price premiums associated with golf course amenities in residential development projects. This study extends prior research by examining whether or not golf course condominium residences with a cart path proximate to the residence sell for lower prices. This analysis suggests that mere proximity to a cart path may reduce transaction prices by 5.1% in the study sample. The price impact is even larger when the condominium unit is proximate to a cart path near greens and tee boxes. Units with proximate cart paths near greens sell for a discount of 11.6% and those near tees sell for discounts of 8.6%. These findings may be important for appraisers, housing developers, golf course designers, homeowner associations, and consumers.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2017-04-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000623
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Real Estate Mutual Funds– Shopping Malls or Self-Storage?.
- Creator
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Weeks, Henry, Fraser, Steven
- Abstract / Description
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Investors recognize the importance of asset allocation. However, one must clearly understand the characteristics of any asset class added to the portfolio. Here we examine the holdings of real estate mutual funds to examine the nature and level of property-type diversification. We find that real estate funds hold a wide array of property types in varying degrees of concentration. These factors can dramatically affect portfolio composition. The results of this research suggest investors need...
Show moreInvestors recognize the importance of asset allocation. However, one must clearly understand the characteristics of any asset class added to the portfolio. Here we examine the holdings of real estate mutual funds to examine the nature and level of property-type diversification. We find that real estate funds hold a wide array of property types in varying degrees of concentration. These factors can dramatically affect portfolio composition. The results of this research suggest investors need to exercise extreme caution when selecting a real estate mutual fund to add to their financial portfolio.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012-10-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000679
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Property taxes: Are owners getting their money’s worth?.
- Creator
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Weeks, Henry, Ritchie, William J., Jones, Travis
- Abstract / Description
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The purpose of this case is to demonstrate the impact of special assessments on real property values. This case also provides an opportunity for the instructor to review the proper use of special assessments by communities and the impact that these assessments can have on the marketability of properties. In this case, students are asked to examine real world data to determine the impact of special assessments on property values. The case setting immediately follows four years of accelerated...
Show moreThe purpose of this case is to demonstrate the impact of special assessments on real property values. This case also provides an opportunity for the instructor to review the proper use of special assessments by communities and the impact that these assessments can have on the marketability of properties. In this case, students are asked to examine real world data to determine the impact of special assessments on property values. The case setting immediately follows four years of accelerated growth, in both market values and taxes, on vacant lots in Cape Coral, Florida, for the period 2003 to 2006. The findings of the case indicate the impacts of special assessments on real property values are significant and should be carefully considered when municipalities attempt to balance the cost and benefits of projects using this contentious funding source. Policy makers must consider the property value implication of using special assessments to fund projects as their use may have significant negative consequences for property owners.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2012-01-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000693
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Differential Bargaining Power in Real Estate Transactions.
- Creator
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Allen, Marcus T., Fraser, Steven, Swaleheen, Mushfiq
- Abstract / Description
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Harding Rosenthal, and Sirmans examine data from the American Housing Survey and demonstrate that it is possible to uncover bargaining power effects in housing market transactions related to demographic attributes of sellers and buyers (age, education level, gender, marital status, race, etc.) included in that database. Colwell and Munneke3 extend this approach to commercial real estate assets (office properties) and find that bargaining power effects can be uncovered by considering types of...
Show moreHarding Rosenthal, and Sirmans examine data from the American Housing Survey and demonstrate that it is possible to uncover bargaining power effects in housing market transactions related to demographic attributes of sellers and buyers (age, education level, gender, marital status, race, etc.) included in that database. Colwell and Munneke3 extend this approach to commercial real estate assets (office properties) and find that bargaining power effects can be uncovered by considering types of sellers and buyers (individuals, corporations, and financial institutions) without knowledge of their specific attributes that often are difficult to measure or observe for samples large enough for reliable statistical analysis.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016-10-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000626
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Volatility and Targeted Portfolio Returns.
- Creator
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Jones, Travis, Finch, J. Howard, Fraser, Steven
- Abstract / Description
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Financial planners face a consistent challenge to help clients understand the trade-off between risk and return. Most clients relate to the idea of a targeted level of expected return to achieve specific wealth goals but with limited understanding of the required risk. Extended investment horizons require client discipline when market volatility appears to be enhancing the possibility of loss of wealth. The purpose of this article is to illustrate that bearing the risk associated with market...
Show moreFinancial planners face a consistent challenge to help clients understand the trade-off between risk and return. Most clients relate to the idea of a targeted level of expected return to achieve specific wealth goals but with limited understanding of the required risk. Extended investment horizons require client discipline when market volatility appears to be enhancing the possibility of loss of wealth. The purpose of this article is to illustrate that bearing the risk associated with market volatility can reward clients with the achievement of targeted portfolio returns, even during times of great financial and economic uncertainty. Data from 1994 to 2013 is used to create hypothetical portfolios consisting of stock and bond allocations designed to target specific client return objectives. Graphical charts illustrate the resulting annual volatility associated with multiyear investment horizons. Financial planners can use these examples to better communicate the historical volatility associated with portfolios constructed to deliver target levels of return to clients.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2016-01-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000658
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Faculty Salary Compression: Years at the Institution or Years in the Profession?.
- Creator
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Jones, Travis, Rhodd, Rupert G., Allen, Marcus T.
- Abstract / Description
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Using salary data for business school faculty members at a university that uses rolling, three-year employment contracts and at a university that uses traditional, tenure-track employment contracts, this study examines whether salary compression is associated with years at an institution and/or years in the profession. The results show that salary compression is more associated with the number of years at the institution at the tenure granting institution, and more associated with years in...
Show moreUsing salary data for business school faculty members at a university that uses rolling, three-year employment contracts and at a university that uses traditional, tenure-track employment contracts, this study examines whether salary compression is associated with years at an institution and/or years in the profession. The results show that salary compression is more associated with the number of years at the institution at the tenure granting institution, and more associated with years in the profession at the non-tenure granting institution. These results could have a profound impact on the type of contracting system a university uses.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015-10-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000660
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- A Note for Appraisers on Option Valuation.
- Creator
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Jones, Travis, Finch, J. Howard, Weeks, Henry
- Abstract / Description
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The mathematical complexity of options makes the valuation and use of these instruments intimidating for most individuals. While real estate appraisers may initially share this response, appraisers' experience estimating replacement costs gives them a significant advantage in understanding the valuation of these securities. In this article the valuation of an option to buy land is demonstrated using a method based on the principle of substitution. The examples show how the value of the option...
Show moreThe mathematical complexity of options makes the valuation and use of these instruments intimidating for most individuals. While real estate appraisers may initially share this response, appraisers' experience estimating replacement costs gives them a significant advantage in understanding the valuation of these securities. In this article the valuation of an option to buy land is demonstrated using a method based on the principle of substitution. The examples show how the value of the option to buy may be deduced by creating an alternative portfolio that provides an identical expected payoff. In light of the increasing recognition of options in the practice of real estate, this article should be of interest to real estate appraisers and other professionals.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2008-06-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000671
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Boca Bay: The Impact of Insurance Availability on Residential Property Values.
- Creator
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Weeks, Henry, Finch, J. Howard, Fraser, Steven
- Abstract / Description
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This case study requires students to determine a method for estimating the valuation impact of the changes in access to flood insurance - specifically, changes in the expense associated with the purchase of insurance in the private market. While these expenses have a high degree of certainty, a unique challenge for students in this case is presented by the lack of comparable market transactions involving properties that have been similarly impacted. Quantifying the change in value requires...
Show moreThis case study requires students to determine a method for estimating the valuation impact of the changes in access to flood insurance - specifically, changes in the expense associated with the purchase of insurance in the private market. While these expenses have a high degree of certainty, a unique challenge for students in this case is presented by the lack of comparable market transactions involving properties that have been similarly impacted. Quantifying the change in value requires students to adopt the mindset of informed market participants - individuals aware of the differential in insurance expense and who are considering the purchase of the property.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2014-01-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000692
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- An analysis of real estate curriculum requirements at AACSB International-Accredited Institutions.
- Creator
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Weeks, Henry, Finch, J. Howard
- Abstract / Description
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Real estate courses are a staple of business school curricula throughout the world, yet a wide diversity of courses, programs, concentrations and majors exist. Historically, the academic field of real estate has struggled with an identity crisis of sorts due to the lack of a widely recognized common body of knowledge that constitutes the core theory and concepts. To investigate the current state of real estate curriculum, all business schools in the United States accredited by AACSB...
Show moreReal estate courses are a staple of business school curricula throughout the world, yet a wide diversity of courses, programs, concentrations and majors exist. Historically, the academic field of real estate has struggled with an identity crisis of sorts due to the lack of a widely recognized common body of knowledge that constitutes the core theory and concepts. To investigate the current state of real estate curriculum, all business schools in the United States accredited by AACSB International - The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business are surveyed to determine the depth and breadth of requirements to concentrate or major in real estate. The results indicate real estate major curriculums are moving toward a core group of required courses. However, there is little consensus on what courses constitute a concentration in real estate.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2003-06-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000687
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- The Devaluation of Capital Budgeting in Real Estate Development Firms.
- Creator
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Weeks, Henry
- Abstract / Description
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Under the best of conditions, capital budgeting for real estate development is a very challenging process due to the long lags in production times that characterize the industry and contribute to the risk of significant forecasting error. Most real estate development firms practice advanced capital budgeting procedures in terms of the techniques used to evaluate individual projects. Similar to firms in other industries, many real estate development firms have multiple divisions that compete...
Show moreUnder the best of conditions, capital budgeting for real estate development is a very challenging process due to the long lags in production times that characterize the industry and contribute to the risk of significant forecasting error. Most real estate development firms practice advanced capital budgeting procedures in terms of the techniques used to evaluate individual projects. Similar to firms in other industries, many real estate development firms have multiple divisions that compete with each other for scarce resources-mainly capital available for investment. Hence, division managers may be compelled to "make the numbers work" in order to obtain funding for projects. In addition to the risk of adopting projects that will not meet the firm's return requirements, capital rationing within the firm may compound the situation.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2003-09-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000691
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Measuring Highway Impacts on House Prices Using Spatial Regression.
- Creator
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Allen, Marcus T., Austin, Grant W., Swaleheen, Mushfiq
- Abstract / Description
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Generally accepted real estate valuation theory, augmented by ample empirical evidence, supports the notion of significant impacts on prices of residential properties near highways. Houses adjacent to highways are exposed to potentially increased traffic noise, although these homeowners may benefit from increased accessibility to highway systems. This study is prompted by a massive new highway construction project (25 miles at acost of $1.5 billion over a nine-year period) that will complete...
Show moreGenerally accepted real estate valuation theory, augmented by ample empirical evidence, supports the notion of significant impacts on prices of residential properties near highways. Houses adjacent to highways are exposed to potentially increased traffic noise, although these homeowners may benefit from increased accessibility to highway systems. This study is prompted by a massive new highway construction project (25 miles at acost of $1.5 billion over a nine-year period) that will complete a 110-mile beltway around the Orlando, Florida metropolitan area. Using observed prices of houses near existing highways, this study provides insights into the potential effects of the new highway on planned and existing houses in thi smarket. The results indicate significant price discounts for houses adjacent to highways, houses near high-traffic highways, and houses farther from highway on-ramps, but no significant impact related to distances from houses to highways or sound barrier walls.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2015-01-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000634
- Format
- Citation
- Title
- Weekend business school degrees: Levelling the playing field?.
- Creator
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Allen, Marcus T., Rhodd, Rupert G., Schrouder, Sandra M.
- Abstract / Description
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Using a sample of 6001 students in the traditional Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) programme and 228 students in the weekend BBA programme, this study considers whether undergraduate students who participate in a weekend bachelor degree programme at an Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB)-accredited business school perform as well as students who attend the traditional programme at the same university as measured by their final Grade Point Averages (GPAs)....
Show moreUsing a sample of 6001 students in the traditional Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) programme and 228 students in the weekend BBA programme, this study considers whether undergraduate students who participate in a weekend bachelor degree programme at an Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB)-accredited business school perform as well as students who attend the traditional programme at the same university as measured by their final Grade Point Averages (GPAs). The results of this study demonstrate that some demographic factors that are correlated with the level of overall academic performance in the weekend programme significantly differ from the demographic factors that are correlated with students' performances in the traditional programme. Although the mean performances of students in the traditional and weekend programmes differ only slightly (2.95 GPA and 3.00 GPA, respectively), gender and age were a factor only in the traditional programme as females and older students outperform males and younger students. Underperformance by minority students is consistent in both programmes.
Show less - Date Issued
- 2011-03-01
- Identifier
- fgcu_ir_000638
- Format
- Citation
