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Codling moth control in walnuts
Title
Codling moth control in walnuts.
Creator
Evers, Chad, Van Steenwyk, Robert A., Kiss, Attilla B.
Abstract / Description
This trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of new reduced risk insecticides as possible replacements for the grower standard organophosphate insecticides. The trial was conducted on mature ‘Waterloo’ walnut trees in a commercial orchard near Fairfield, CA. Seventeen individual tree treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Treatments were applied with a hand-held orchard sprayer operating at 250 psi and delivering a finished spray volume of 250 gpa (3.33 gal/tree)....
Show moreThis trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of new reduced risk insecticides as possible replacements for the grower standard organophosphate insecticides. The trial was conducted on mature ‘Waterloo’ walnut trees in a commercial orchard near Fairfield, CA. Seventeen individual tree treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Treatments were applied with a hand-held orchard sprayer operating at 250 psi and delivering a finished spray volume of 250 gpa (3.33 gal/tree). Application timings were based on DD. DD were calculated using a 1 Apr biofix for moths from the overwintering generation and a 11 Jun biofix for moths from the first generation using a single sine horizontal cutoff model with a lower threshold of 50°F and an upper threshold of 88°F. Maximum and minimum air temperatures were obtained from the Tracy A CIMIS #167 weather station at San Joaquin County, CA. Treatments were applied on 5 May 2008 (333 DD from the 1st bioflix), 26 Jun (365 DD from 2nd biofix) and 7 Jul (612 DD from 2nd biofix). When two applications were applied, the 7 Jul application was not applied. Control of CM was evaluated at harvest on 1 Oct by inspecting 125 nuts per tree (500 nuts per treatment) for CM and NOW infestation. Although treatments were not targeted for NOW, damage from NOW will often increase due to CM infestation since NOW larvae will infest nuts previously infested by CM. Control of motile TSSM and WPM were evaluated by leaf-brushing 10 terminal leaflets per replicate collected from each tree weekly from 3 Jul to 20 Aug. The plates with the contents from the brushed leaves were counted under magnification (20X) in the laboratory. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and means were separated using Fisher’s protected LSD, (P ≤ 0.05).
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Date Issued
2008-01-01
Identifier
fgcu_ir_000940
Format
Document (PDF)
Codling moth control in apples
Title
Codling moth control in apples.
Creator
Evers, Chad, Van Steenwyk, Robert A., Coates, William W.
Abstract / Description
This trial was designed to evaluate reduced-risk insecticides as possible replacements for the grower standard insecticides. This trial was conducted on 'Granny Smith' apple trees in a commercial orchard near Hollister, CA. Fifteen treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Each replicate was a group of three trees with one buffer tree between each replicate. The trees were about 12 ft tall. Treatments were applied with a handgun orchard sprayer operating at 200 psi and delivering...
Show moreThis trial was designed to evaluate reduced-risk insecticides as possible replacements for the grower standard insecticides. This trial was conducted on 'Granny Smith' apple trees in a commercial orchard near Hollister, CA. Fifteen treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Each replicate was a group of three trees with one buffer tree between each replicate. The trees were about 12 ft tall. Treatments were applied with a handgun orchard sprayer operating at 200 psi and delivering a finished spray volume of 150 gpa (5.0 gal per replicate). Application timings were based on degree-days (DD). DD were calculated with a biofix of 22 Mar for the first generation, a biofix of 19 Jun for the second generation, and a biofix of 13 Aug for the third generation using a single sine horizontal cutoff model with a lower threshold of 50°F and an upper threshold of 88°F. Maximum and minimum air temperatures were obtained from the Ausaymas Touchtone #56 weather station in San Benito County, CA. Control of CM was evaluated at the end of the first generation on 19 Jun by inspecting 250 fruit per replicate. CM infestation damage was evaluated on 17 Sep at commercial harvest by inspecting 250 fruit per replicate. Control of motile TSSM and WPM was evaluated by brushing and counting under magnification 20 leaves per replicated on 4, 11 and 18 Aug. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and means were separated using Fisher's protected LSD, (P ≤ 0.05).
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Date Issued
2009-01-01
Identifier
fgcu_ir_000939
Format
Document (PDF)
Codling moth control in apples
Title
Codling moth control in apples.
Creator
Evers, Chad, Van Steenwyk, Robert A., Kiss, Attilla B., Coates, William W.
Abstract / Description
This trial was designed to evaluate reduced risk insecticides as possible replacements for the grower standard insecticides. This trial was conducted on ‘Granny Smith’ apple trees in a commercial orchard near Hollister, CA. Nineteen treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Each replicate was a group of two to four trees. The trees were about 12 ft tall. Treatments were applied with a handgun orchard sprayer operating at 200 psi and delivering a finished spray volume of 150 gpa ...
Show moreThis trial was designed to evaluate reduced risk insecticides as possible replacements for the grower standard insecticides. This trial was conducted on ‘Granny Smith’ apple trees in a commercial orchard near Hollister, CA. Nineteen treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Each replicate was a group of two to four trees. The trees were about 12 ft tall. Treatments were applied with a handgun orchard sprayer operating at 200 psi and delivering a finished spray volume of 150 gpa (5 gal/replicate). Application timings were based on DD. DD were calculated with a biofix of 1 Apr for the first generation of CM and a biofix of 26 Jun for the second generation using a single sine horizontal cutoff model with a lower threshold of 50°F and an upper threshold of 88°F. Maximum and minimum air temperatures were obtained from the HOLLISTR. A (CIMIS #126) weather station in San Benito, CA. Flight activity of male CM was monitored weekly from 18 Mar through 24 Aug with a Suterra 1X Patch and a Trécé DA Combo lure in Trécé 1CP traps placed high in the canopy of two trees and was used to determine biofix. Control of CM was evaluated at the end of the 1st generation on 24 Jun by inspecting 125 fruit per replicate on the tree. CM infestation damage was evaluated on 25 Aug at commercial harvest by removing 250 fruit per replicate and inspecting them in the laboratory. CM stings and strikes as well as total infestation were recorded for the harvest evaluation while only total infestation was determined for the first generation evaluation. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and means were separated using Fisher’s protected LSD (P ≤ 0.05).
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Date Issued
2010-01-01
Identifier
fgcu_ir_000938
Format
Citation
Codling moth control in walnuts
Title
Codling moth control in walnuts.
Creator
Evers, Chad, Van Steenwyk, Robert A., Kiss, Attilla B.
Abstract / Description
This trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of new reduced risk insecticides for CM control as possible replacements for the grower standard organophosphate insecticides. The trial was conducted on mature 'Payne' walnut trees in a commercial orchard in Tracy, CA. Thirty treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Each replicate consisted of an individual tree. Treatments were applied with a hand-held orchard sprayer operating at 300 psi and delivering a finished spray volume...
Show moreThis trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of new reduced risk insecticides for CM control as possible replacements for the grower standard organophosphate insecticides. The trial was conducted on mature 'Payne' walnut trees in a commercial orchard in Tracy, CA. Thirty treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Each replicate consisted of an individual tree. Treatments were applied with a hand-held orchard sprayer operating at 300 psi and delivering a finished spray volume of 400 gpa (5.7 gal/tree). Application timings were based on DD. DD were calculated with a 27 Mar biofix for the first CM generation and a 7 Jun biofix for the second CM generation using a single sine horizontal cutoff model with a lower threshold of 50°F and an upper threshold of 88°F. Maximum and minimum air temperatures were obtained from the Tracy A CIMIS #167 weather station at San Joaquin County, CA. Flight activity of male CM was monitored weekly from 26 Mar through 8 Sep with two Suterra 1X and two Trece Combo lures in Trece 1CP traps placed high in the canopy of four trees and was used to calculate biofix. Treatments were applied on 21 Apr (250 from 1st biofix), 28 Apr (313 from 1st biofix), 14 May (564 from 1st biofix), 19 May (687 from 1st biofix), 16 Jun (146 DD from 2nd biofix), 23 Jun (292 DD from 2nd biofix), 7 Jul (609 DD from 2nd biofix) and 8 Jul (630 DD from 2nd biofix). Control of the first CM generation (overwintering flight) was evaluated by inspecting all dropped nuts weekly from 29 May to 18 Jun for CM infestation. Control of the second and third generations (summer flights) was evaluated at harvest on 13 Sep by inspecting 100 nuts per tree (400 nuts per treatment) for CM and NOW infestation. Although treatments were not targeted for NOW, damage from NOW will often increase due to CM infestation since NOW larvae will infest nuts previously infested by CM. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and means were separated using Fisher's protected LSD, (P ≤ 0.05).
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Date Issued
2010-01-01
Identifier
fgcu_ir_000937
Format
Citation
Codling moth control in pears
Title
Codling moth control in pears.
Creator
Evers, Chad, Van Steenwyk, Robert A., Kiss, Attilla B.
Abstract / Description
This trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of new reduced-risk insecticides as possible replacements for the grower standard insecticides. The trial was conducted on mature ‘Bartlett’ pear trees in a commercial orchard near Fairfield, CA. Thirteen treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Each replicate consisted of an individual tree. Treatments were applied with a handgun orchard sprayer operating at 250 psi and delivering a finished spray volume of 200 gpa (2.87 gal/tree...
Show moreThis trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy of new reduced-risk insecticides as possible replacements for the grower standard insecticides. The trial was conducted on mature ‘Bartlett’ pear trees in a commercial orchard near Fairfield, CA. Thirteen treatments were replicated four times in a RCB design. Each replicate consisted of an individual tree. Treatments were applied with a handgun orchard sprayer operating at 250 psi and delivering a finished spray volume of 200 gpa (2.87 gal/tree). Application timings were based on degree-days (DD). DD were calculated with a 24 Mar biofix for moths from the overwintering generation and a 12 Jun biofix for moths from the first generation using a single sine horizontal cutoff model with a lower threshold of 50°F and an upper threshold of 88°F. Maximum and minimum air temperatures were obtained from the Suisun Valley CIMIS #123 weather station at Solano County, CA. Treatments were applied on 25 Apr (236 DD from the 1st biofix), 23 May (651 DD from the 1st biofix), 24 Jun (295 DD from the 2nd biofix) and 10 Jul (634 DD from the 2nd biofix). Control of the first generation CM (overwintering flight) was evaluated on 10 Jun by inspecting 100 fruit per replicate for CM infestation. Control of the second generation (first generation flight) was evaluated at commercial harvest on 5 Aug for CM infestation and damage by inspecting 250 fruit per replicate. Control of motile TSSM and PP nymphs was evaluated weekly from 2 Jun through 28 Jul by sampling 10 exterior and 10 interior leaves per replicate. The leaves were brushed and the arthropods removed from the leaves were counted under magnification (20×) in the laboratory. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and means were separated using Fisher’s protected LSD, (P ≤ 0.05).
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Date Issued
2009-01-01
Identifier
fgcu_ir_000936
Format
Citation