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Shoulder Strength and Conditioning for Injury Prevention in Baseball Players
Title
Shoulder Strength and Conditioning for Injury Prevention in Baseball Players.
Creator
Jones, Kevin Thomas
Abstract / Description
According to a survey completed by the National Federation of State High School Associations, baseball is the third most popular boys sport played. In the 2012-2013 year season, 15,632 schools played high school baseball across America. These schools' teams were comprised of 474,791 student athletes. A recent study reports that 63.3% of injuries in high school baseball are to the upper extremity. (Shanley, Rauh, Michener, & Ellenbecker, 2011). Bonza, Fields, Yard, and Comstock (2009) reported...
Show moreAccording to a survey completed by the National Federation of State High School Associations, baseball is the third most popular boys sport played. In the 2012-2013 year season, 15,632 schools played high school baseball across America. These schools' teams were comprised of 474,791 student athletes. A recent study reports that 63.3% of injuries in high school baseball are to the upper extremity. (Shanley, Rauh, Michener, & Ellenbecker, 2011). Bonza, Fields, Yard, and Comstock (2009) reported that 17.7% of high school baseball players injure their shoulders. This is a greatest percentage of injuries among baseball players. It is for this reason that shoulder injury prevention is of the upmost importance for baseball pitchers. This following scholarly paper provides a review of the phases of the baseball pitch including the structural and muscular requirements of each phase. The paper also reviews current literature used to produce an evidence based shoulder strength and conditioning program that may be implemented by institutions with limited financial resources, limited facilities, and without a qualified strength and conditioning professional. The case report describes how this program was implemented as part of the overall strength and conditioning program used during the fall baseball season at Gordon State College in Barnesville, GA. The development of the shoulder strength and condition program took into account current research as well as the financial and equipment limitations, availability of qualified strength and conditioning professionals, and training time allotted for the strength and conditioning of National Junior College Athletic Association student athletes.
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Date Issued
2014
Identifier
Jones_fgcu_1743_10060
Format
Document (PDF)
Exercises Tailored to Meet the Needs of Submarine Pitchers
Title
Exercises Tailored to Meet the Needs of Submarine Pitchers.
Creator
Mullaney, Kurtis
Abstract / Description
Background: In order to remain healthy while performing at a high level, athletes must exercise in a manner that is functional and translatable to the movement being produced during sport. In order to accomplish this, exercises are often modified to meet the specific demands of different sporting activities. Purpose: Although many studies have been performed on several aspects of baseball pitching, few studies have focused on the submarine pitcher. This pilot study investigated the difference...
Show moreBackground: In order to remain healthy while performing at a high level, athletes must exercise in a manner that is functional and translatable to the movement being produced during sport. In order to accomplish this, exercises are often modified to meet the specific demands of different sporting activities. Purpose: Although many studies have been performed on several aspects of baseball pitching, few studies have focused on the submarine pitcher. This pilot study investigated the difference in the activation patterns of select muscles for subjects conducting two exercises: the cable retraction with external rotation exercise and the modified version of the same exercise, which had been tailored to the submarine pitcher. The following research was performed to advance the literature devoted to the specific needs of submarine pitchers, and to raise awareness on the lack of literature devoted to this style of throwing. Subjects: 16 healthy males ages 18-35 with previous high school, college, and/or professional baseball experience participated in this study. Methods: Each subject was observed performing five repetitions of the two exercises, while motion and muscle activation patterns of the posterior deltoid, the infraspinatus, the middle trapezius, and the lower trapezius were captured using the Qualisys Motion Capture System in conjunction with the Noraxon SEMG system. Results: No significant differences were found between the two exercises in terms of muscle activation patterns of the four muscles being studied. A positive correlation was found between the muscle activation patterns of the two exercises, indicating that both exercises may accomplish the same goal when it comes to strengthening the four targeted muscles. A significant difference was found in the angle of abduction in which peak muscle activation occurred for the posterior deltoid (13°), the middle trapezius (17°), and lower trapezius (14°).
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Date Issued
2015
Identifier
Mullaney_fgcu_1743_10120
Format
Document (PDF)
EXERCISES TAILORED TO MEET THE NEEDS OF SUBMARINE PITCHERS
Title
EXERCISES TAILORED TO MEET THE NEEDS OF SUBMARINE PITCHERS.
Creator
Klein, Michael
Abstract / Description
Background: In order to remain healthy while performing at a high level, athletes must exercise in a manner that is functional and translatable to the movement being produced during sport. In order to accomplish this, exercises are often modified to meet the specific demands of different sporting activities. Purpose: Although many studies have been performed on several aspects of baseball pitching, few studies have focused on the submarine pitcher. This pilot study investigated the difference...
Show moreBackground: In order to remain healthy while performing at a high level, athletes must exercise in a manner that is functional and translatable to the movement being produced during sport. In order to accomplish this, exercises are often modified to meet the specific demands of different sporting activities. Purpose: Although many studies have been performed on several aspects of baseball pitching, few studies have focused on the submarine pitcher. This pilot study investigated the difference in the activation patterns of select muscles for subjects conducting two exercises: the cable retraction with external rotation exercise and the modified version of the same exercise, which had been tailored to the submarine pitcher. The following research was performed to advance the literature devoted to the specific needs of submarine pitchers, and to raise awareness on the lack of literature devoted to this style of throwing. Subjects: 16 healthy males ages 18-35 with previous high school, college, and/or professional baseball experience participated in this study. Methods: Each subject was observed performing five repetitions of the two exercises, while motion and muscle activation patterns of the posterior deltoid, the infraspinatus, the middle trapezius, and the lower trapezius were captured using the Qualisys Motion Capture System in conjunction with the Noraxon SEMG system. Results: No significant differences were found between the two exercises in terms of muscle activation patterns of the four muscles being studied. A positive correlation was found between the muscle activation patterns of the two exercises, indicating that both exercises may accomplish the same goal when it comes to strengthening the four targeted muscles. A significant difference was found in the angle of abduction in which peak muscle activation occurred for the posterior deltoid (13°), the middle trapezius (17°), and lower trapezius (14°).
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Date Issued
2015
Identifier
Klein_fgcu_1743_10122
Format
Document (PDF)
Effects of lower cervical and upper thoracic mobilization on shoulder range of motion limited by shoulder range of motion limited by shoulder impingement syndrome: A case series
Title
Effects of lower cervical and upper thoracic mobilization on shoulder range of motion limited by shoulder range of motion limited by shoulder impingement syndrome: A case series.
Creator
Redman, Brandie D.
Abstract / Description
Based in the literature review it is hypothesized that addressing areas of hypomobility in the upper thoracic spine and cervical spine will lead to normalization of the biomechanics of the shoulder complex, thus reducing the abnormal loads placed on the shoulder and the articulations involved leading to greater range of motion within the shoulder complex. Current research is limited but seems to indicate that there is potential positive effect on SIS by addressing these spinal dysfunctions...
Show moreBased in the literature review it is hypothesized that addressing areas of hypomobility in the upper thoracic spine and cervical spine will lead to normalization of the biomechanics of the shoulder complex, thus reducing the abnormal loads placed on the shoulder and the articulations involved leading to greater range of motion within the shoulder complex. Current research is limited but seems to indicate that there is potential positive effect on SIS by addressing these spinal dysfunctions and that there is a need for further research in this area. This study will add to the growing body of evidence based research that SIS can be treated conservatively with lower cervical and upper thoracic joint mobilizations in addition to standard physical therapy interventions for SIS. The purpose of this study was to determine whether lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal manipulations are an effective way to treat SIS leading to regained range of motion within the shoulder complex. The research question of this study was: Is there a difference in treatment outcomes in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome who receive standard physical therapy treatment and manipulation to the lower cervical and upper thoracic spine compared to those who only receive the standard physical therapy treatment?
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Date Issued
2010
Identifier
fgcu_ETD_0504
Format
Document (PDF)