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Title: Effect of urbanization on predatory defense mechanisms of Southern Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus punctatus) populations in South Florida.
Creator: Richards, Tesla
Abstract/Description: The effect of urbanization on native wildlife is mostly negative. For example, the creation of urban habitats results in the loss of wild habitats, which can increase fragmentation, limit species dispersal and reduce access to resources. However, in some circumstances, urbanization can have positive effects on native wildlife. For example, some opportunistic and generalized species are able to tolerate urbanization by taking advantage of novel niches with reduced competition. Diadophis...
Show moreThe effect of urbanization on native wildlife is mostly negative. For example, the creation of urban habitats results in the loss of wild habitats, which can increase fragmentation, limit species dispersal and reduce access to resources. However, in some circumstances, urbanization can have positive effects on native wildlife. For example, some opportunistic and generalized species are able to tolerate urbanization by taking advantage of novel niches with reduced competition. Diadophis punctatus punctatus (Southern Ringneck Snakes) are a small, cryptic species found throughout the southeastern United States that thrive in both urban and wild habitats, indicating the snake’s tolerance to urbanization. Urbanization may have expanded D. p. punctatus’ niche. These snakes may be able to take advantage of the climate and landscape, availability of novel prey, and/ or refuge from predators within urban habitats. In this study, I examined if D. p. punctatus used urban habitats as refuge from predators by comparing the frequency of predator bite marks on clay snake models placed in urban and wild habitats. The snake models resembled different aspects of D. p. punctatus’ morphology and behavior. I also analyzed the placement of predator bite marks on the snake models to determine the function (i.e., aposematic, parasematic, or deimatic signaling) of D. p. punctatus’ tail-coiling display. The rates of predator attacks on the snake models were similar between urban and wild habitats, indicating D. p. punctatus used urban habitats for reasons other than a refuge from predators. In addition, this study supports the claim that D. p. punctatus’ tail-coiling display was an anti-predatory mechanism. Predators avoided the tail on snake models with red coloration and coiled tails, suggesting D. p. punctatus’ tail-coiling display may be used as a deimatic signal. Results of this study appear to contradict previous findings about the tail-coiling display. However, it is likely that the use of D. p. punctatus’ anti-predatory signal depends on the context. These snakes seem to show multi-modal signaling and flexible defense mechanisms, which may be important characteristics of urbanophiles.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: Richards_fgcu_1743_10263
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Effects of macroalgal hosts on the growth and epiphytic behavior of five Gambierdiscus species from the greater Caribbean region.
Creator: Rains, Lacey Kay
Abstract/Description: Ciguatera fish poisoning is caused by toxins produced by dinoflagellates of the genus Gambierdiscus. This genus has recently been revised and new research on the physiology and ecology of the revised species is needed. While it has been demonstrated that Gambierdiscus spp. are predominately epiphytic, there is also evidence that they are conditional, not obligate, epiphytes and that not all algae hosts are preferred equally by Gambierdiscus populations. This experiment exposed five Caribbean...
Show moreCiguatera fish poisoning is caused by toxins produced by dinoflagellates of the genus Gambierdiscus. This genus has recently been revised and new research on the physiology and ecology of the revised species is needed. While it has been demonstrated that Gambierdiscus spp. are predominately epiphytic, there is also evidence that they are conditional, not obligate, epiphytes and that not all algae hosts are preferred equally by Gambierdiscus populations. This experiment exposed five Caribbean species of Gambierdiscus to living conditions among 8 different species of macroalgal hosts, and their epiphytic behavior (attachment vs. non-attachment) and growth were monitored over 29 days. Additionally, the experiment was carried out under two separate nutrient conditions, ambient versus enriched Florida Keys seawater. Results demonstrate variable responses in epiphytic behavior within the Gambierdiscus genus to different macroalgal hosts, and stimulation and/or inhibition of Gambierdiscus growth by different macroalgal hosts. Attachment data indicate that Gambierdiscus populations prefer attachment to hosts that have a filamentous structure, but those species did not always support high cell abundances. Certain algal host species appear to stimulate growth of some Gambierdiscus species while others seem to inhibit the growth of other species. Control treatments (no host) reveal that some Gambierdiscus reached higher cell abundances without the presence of any host algae, suggesting inhibition by the hosts. No overall attachment preference was observed among Rhodophytes, Chlorophytes, and Phaeophytes, and no phyla stimulated growth or cell abundance more than the others. There was also no difference in attachment to hosts that were nutrient-enriched versus those that were not. The variability of growth responses and attachment behavior to different hosts by the various Gambierdiscus species in this experiment add complexity to our understanding of the epiphytic nature of Gambierdiscus and the dynamics of blooms.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: Rains_fgcu_1743_10144
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: EFFECTS OF SALINITY AND OTHER STRESSORS ON EASTERN OYSTER (CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA) HEALTH AND A DETERMINATION OF RESTORATION POTENTIAL IN NAPLES BAY, FLORIDA.
Creator: Laakkonen, Katie
Abstract/Description: Naples Bay, a highly urbanized estuary, has lost an estimated 80% of its oyster reefs since the 1950s due to dredging and development activities. Artificial canals, primarily the Golden Gate Canal, have increased freshwater flows into Naples Bay causing extreme swings in salinity. This study characterizes the health of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, at four sites along a salinity gradient by investigating and correlating various oyster responses to salinity, dissolved oxygen, and...
Show moreNaples Bay, a highly urbanized estuary, has lost an estimated 80% of its oyster reefs since the 1950s due to dredging and development activities. Artificial canals, primarily the Golden Gate Canal, have increased freshwater flows into Naples Bay causing extreme swings in salinity. This study characterizes the health of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, at four sites along a salinity gradient by investigating and correlating various oyster responses to salinity, dissolved oxygen, and temperature. Prevalence and intensity of Perkinsus marinus infection varied significantly among sites, with the northernmost upstream Site 1 showing the lowest infection. Condition index varied significantly among sampling months and sites, and decreased during the spawning period, April through October. Sites 1 and 2, with more optimal salinities for the first 8 months of the study, had the highest mean condition index. Significant differences were found among sampling months for spat recruitment and sites and peaked in August. Spat recruitment was greatest at the southernmost Site 4 which is located furthest from the freshwater influence and therefore has less extremes in salinity. Living densities (# live oysters m-2) also varied significantly among sampling months and sites, with living densities increasing when moving downstream. Higher living densities were found in the wet season than the dry season reflecting recruitment occurring onto the reefs. The wet season is when extreme swings in salinities result upstream which corresponds with oyster reproduction. Site 1 experienced a 31 ppt drop in salinity within a few days in July when significant rainfall began. This is a tremendous stressor on oysters and could result in mortality of juvenile oysters and the flushing of spat downstream due to high freshwater flows. This study highlights that freshwater flows and resulting salinities are a driving force for oyster reef health and distribution in Naples Bay. It also provides a baseline assessment of the oyster population that will allow for future comparisons when water quality improves due to diversions of freshwater from the Golden Gate Canal. These diversions are planned for the near future by the South Florida Water Management District. This study also assists resource managers in determining potential oyster restoration sites in the bay. Management recommendations include focusing oyster restoration sites at the downstream locations due to less salinity extremes, high oyster living densities, and higher spat recruitment.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: Laakonen_fgcu_1743_10075
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Effects of Underwater Treadmill Training with Real-Time Visual Feedback on Ambulation of a Person Who Has Experienced a Stroke.
Creator: Pagkanlungan, Emmanuel
Abstract/Description: Introduction: Stroke is a leading cause of disability in the United States and it occurs when blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or severely reduced, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. Around 50-80% of people who have experienced a stroke typically recover their ability to walk, but still have many difficulties associated with their gait. This can negatively impact their body composition, physical fitness, and ability to interact in the community. Prior research has...
Show moreIntroduction: Stroke is a leading cause of disability in the United States and it occurs when blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or severely reduced, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. Around 50-80% of people who have experienced a stroke typically recover their ability to walk, but still have many difficulties associated with their gait. This can negatively impact their body composition, physical fitness, and ability to interact in the community. Prior research has shown that using partial body weight support training, as well as visual biofeedback, has been helpful in improving gait and balance for people who have experienced a stroke. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to examine the use of underwater treadmill training with use of real-time visual feedback for improving ambulation in people who have experienced a stroke. Research Design: This research was a single subject design study examining outcomes of underwater treadmill training of a 58 year-old male who sustained a right cerebellar stroke 12 months ago. The participant underwent pre- and post intervention measures for balance and gait: GAITRite© system walking, Timed-Up-and-Go, and Dynamic Gait Index. The intervention of underwater treadmill training using real-time visual feedback was applied for 8 sessions of about 45 minutes each session, which included warm-up exercises and a cool-down period. Outcomes: The participant showed slight trends towards improved balance in his gait analysis and functional outcome measures. Specifically, his average time spent on each leg was closer to equal, average step length of each foot increased, the length of stride increased, and his overall step width decreased from pre-intervention to post-intervention. For the functional tests of balance, his Timed-Up-and-Go score improved (9.0 sec to 8.2 sec). Furthermore, the participant was able to improve his DGI score by 4 points from pre-test to post-test, which indicates a clinically important difference was made for his overall dynamic standing balance. Conclusion: The changes in outcome measures, in conjunction with subjective statements made by the participant, suggest that underwater treadmill training with real-time visual feedback may be beneficial for patients who have experienced a stroke up to a year ago. Further research should be conducted performing a longer randomized controlled study with more participants to determine if these results may be generalized. Furthermore, the participants of the study should demonstrate higher levels of impairments, as the participant in this study had minimal impairments. This would allow for potentially larger gains in outcomes.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: Pagkanlungan_fgcu_1743_10221
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF PHYSICAL THERAPY AND OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY STUDENTS.
Creator: Leaderman, Scott
Abstract/Description: Introduction. The purpose of this research study was to examine the emotional intelligence (EI) of Florida Gulf Coast University (FGCU) Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) and Masters of Occupational Therapy (MOT) students and to compare their scores to normative data of the general population. Methods. The students were given a validated test called the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test on-line. After completion of the testing sessions, the data was compared between subject...
Show moreIntroduction. The purpose of this research study was to examine the emotional intelligence (EI) of Florida Gulf Coast University (FGCU) Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) and Masters of Occupational Therapy (MOT) students and to compare their scores to normative data of the general population. Methods. The students were given a validated test called the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test on-line. After completion of the testing sessions, the data was compared between subject groups and to the normative scores. Data Analysis. The researcher examined the scores by using descriptive statistics of the data in order to determine if the scores were similar to those found by the previous study of practicing physical therapists as well as to compare the scores to the general population. A t-Test was also used to determine if there was a statistical significance between the DPT and MOT groups. Results. When compared to the normative 18-24 year-old scores, the DPT and MOT cohorts of the 18-24 year old age range scored higher in total EIQ as well as all branch scores than the normative values, but the older participants scored near the normative mean in total EIQ and on branch scores. The male participant mean for both the DPT and MOT groups was higher in total EIQ compared to males of all age groups in the general mean, whereas the female mean was lower than the female normative mean. Descriptive statistics reveal that female participants scored higher in total EIQ than the male participants. There was no statistically significant difference between the total EIQ scores of DPT and MOT program students at FGCU. Conclusion. First year DPT and MOT program students had higher MSCEIT score than their age-matched peers. There are several hypotheses for why the participants scored higher on the MSCEIT than the age-matched general population in the context of their chosen career paths. In the rehabilitation science profession, it is important to be able to encourage patients to leave their comfort zone in order to overcome limitations. While it is vital to have empathy and understand a patient from an emotional standpoint, the key construct of rehabilitation medicine requires an individual who is able to control their emotions and the emotional output of patients in order to be able to successfully push the patient to achieve their goals without sacrificing patient satisfaction and quality of care. Future research in needed to determine if EI is an attribute that is innate to those who seek a career in health professions, and to determine if EI testing may have a role in selecting students for Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy programs.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: Leaderman_fgcu_1743_10171
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Environmental Factors Affecting Enterococcus and Fecal Coliform Bacteria in Beach Waters of Sarasota County, Florida.
Creator: Clemente, Jennifer Elaine
Abstract/Description: The Florida Department of Health (FDOH) conducts sampling at recreational beaches for Enterococcus and fecal coliform bacteria, and posts advisories recommending against beach swimming when reported concentrations exceed 104 #CFU/100mL for enterococcus and 400#CFU/100mL for fecal coliform). County agencies select beaches to sample, and collect surf-zone samples once weekly. Bacteria concentrations fluctuate rapidly and over short distances, and beach advisories are posted up to four days...
Show moreThe Florida Department of Health (FDOH) conducts sampling at recreational beaches for Enterococcus and fecal coliform bacteria, and posts advisories recommending against beach swimming when reported concentrations exceed 104 #CFU/100mL for enterococcus and 400#CFU/100mL for fecal coliform). County agencies select beaches to sample, and collect surf-zone samples once weekly. Bacteria concentrations fluctuate rapidly and over short distances, and beach advisories are posted up to four days after high bacteria is first observed (field resampling and laboratory testing consume several days), seriously compromising FDOH's capability to protect beachgoers from exposure to harmful conditions. Precautionary measures could be improved if we could reliably predict conditions under which high bacteria concentrations are likely to occur. The objective of this research is to identify conditions statistically related to high bacterial concentrations using data from ten years of weekly sampling at 16 beaches in Sarasota County, FL. Previous studies in California, Miami FL, and elsewhere, analyzing the immediate vicinity of ocean stormwater outfalls, have identified modest relationships to factors including: magnitude and intensity of storm events that may mobilize bacteria from coastal watersheds; length of antecedent dry period before mobilizing storm, during which bacteria may propagate in conveyances; and tide/surf conditions that may either mobilize bacteria propagating in beach sand, break up bacterial colonies in the surf zone, or generate where bacteria may survive near the shore. The present study attempted multiple regression relating bacteria conditions to explanatory factors including: watershed rainfall in days prior to the sample date; total rainfall over several months, a surrogate for saturation of soils in the tributary watershed as well as for dry periods when bacteria may multiply in conveyances; seasonality, a surrogate for high air and water temperatures that promote propagation in the environment; and tidal stages and levels. Results found no correlation greater than 20%, for Sarasota County beaches in aggregate or for any beach individually, with the magnitude of bacteria measured in samples. Relationships are, however, identified between frequency of high-count bacteria samples and environmental conditions including flood level and stage, one-day antecedent rainfall, and seasonal rainfall (wet vs dry season). Results show the relationships are stronger for beaches influenced by stormwater outfalls, and less evident in beaches where no outfalls are nearby. This demonstrates that different mechanisms affect high-bacteria conditions on different beaches in this region, implying that prediction of potentially unhealthful bacteria conditions may be possible on a site-specific basis but may not be supported for a uniform set of environmental parameters across multiple sites, even for a group of beaches in close proximity with similar precipitation, tidal, and seasonal characteristics
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: Clemente_1743_10253
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY KNOWLEDGE: CONTENT ANALYSIS OF NON-FORMAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN SOUTHWEST FLORIDA.
Creator: Clairy, Cynthia Marie
Abstract/Description: This study analyzed the physical and ecological knowledge content of local and regional non-formal environmental education (EE) programs for K-12 students. Non-profit, non-governmental, and governmental organizations that currently provide EE assistance to schools throughout the school year were examined. Data were collected from EE programs in the five-county district of Southwest Florida during 2010-2012; however, only data from the top two most populous counties (Lee and Collier) were used...
Show moreThis study analyzed the physical and ecological knowledge content of local and regional non-formal environmental education (EE) programs for K-12 students. Non-profit, non-governmental, and governmental organizations that currently provide EE assistance to schools throughout the school year were examined. Data were collected from EE programs in the five-county district of Southwest Florida during 2010-2012; however, only data from the top two most populous counties (Lee and Collier) were used in the comparative content analysis. Physical and ecological knowledge offered in the region was analyzed through a modified Delphi technique. Participants in the modified Delphi study compared national literacy frameworks in ecological knowledge to the description of each EE program. The results show programs offered in Lee and Collier counties have a focus on conservation biology and Earth science content, and gaps in climate, ocean, atmospheric science and--the greatest gap--in energy literacy content. The overall objective of this research was to identify the scope of environmental education programs in Southwest Florida and serve as a model for analysis of other regions.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: Clairy_fgcu_1743_10059
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: EVALUATING PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR LOCAL CLIMATE ADAPTATION POLICIES AND PLANNING: A CASE CONCERNING LEE COUNTY, FLORIDA.
Creator: Olson, April L.
Abstract/Description: This study is aimed at improving the understanding of public support for climate adaptation in Florida. The objectives of this research were to: (1) evaluate the predictive power of the Value-Belief-Norm Theory (VBN) as it applies to public support for climate adaptation, and (2) compare the results of national and state public opinion polls regarding climate change to the results of this study. In order to achieve these objectives, a survey was conducted of Lee County, Florida residents....
Show moreThis study is aimed at improving the understanding of public support for climate adaptation in Florida. The objectives of this research were to: (1) evaluate the predictive power of the Value-Belief-Norm Theory (VBN) as it applies to public support for climate adaptation, and (2) compare the results of national and state public opinion polls regarding climate change to the results of this study. In order to achieve these objectives, a survey was conducted of Lee County, Florida residents. Data collection was based on a three-part survey of residents who were at least 18 years of age, members of a homeowners' association, and lived in storm-surge vulnerability zones. Data revealed that the VBN model successfully explains the pathway leading to public support of climate adaptation policies in the study area. This study tested four main variables from the VBN theory including the participants' ecological worldview (NEP), their awareness of the consequences of climate change (AC), feelings that they have contributed to the problem (AR), and support for adaptation (Support). The results show that awareness of consequences (AC) and ascription of responsibility (AR) are both positive predictors for mobilizing support for climate adaptation policies. Although NEP positively affects the participants' awareness of consequences, the results revealed that the participants' ecological worldview did not add to the predictive power of the VBM model. The findings suggest that although some adaptation policies receive the majority of public support among those surveyed there is still a significant number of individuals who are unaware of the risks or who deny the existence of climate change. The thesis concludes with a discussion of how the VBN theory could be applied to increase public support of adaptation policies, if Florida's communities wish to become more resilient to the impacts of climate change.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: olson_fgcu_1743_10087
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Evaluation and Rehabilitation for Anterior Knee Pain.
Creator: Pauley, Erin
Abstract/Description: Patellofemoral pain is one of the most common diagnoses seen in the orthopedic setting, with females presenting more than men. This case report details the implementation of a rehabilitation program for an active female with complaints of patellofemoral pain, utilizing a comprehensive anterior knee pain algorithm. The patient was a 59-year-old female, otherwise healthy and active, but presenting to physical therapy with a history of insidious anterior knee pain. Following a fall the patient...
Show morePatellofemoral pain is one of the most common diagnoses seen in the orthopedic setting, with females presenting more than men. This case report details the implementation of a rehabilitation program for an active female with complaints of patellofemoral pain, utilizing a comprehensive anterior knee pain algorithm. The patient was a 59-year-old female, otherwise healthy and active, but presenting to physical therapy with a history of insidious anterior knee pain. Following a fall the patient suffered a Jones fracture of the right foot and was prescribed a walking boot with instructions for non-weight bearing for 6 weeks. Following discharge from the boot the patient noticed knee pain. At initial evaluation, primary findings included: inadequate pelvic control, crepitus with active knee extension, navicular drop and forefoot abduction of the right foot, and weakness of the right knee flexors, extensors, and abductors. Outcome measures including the numeric pain rating scale, Kujala scale for patellofemoral pain, and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale. Research has shown that anterior knee pain may be the result of biomechanical changes in both proximal and distal structures surrounding the knee; therefore an algorithm was developed to encompass the many causative factors, evaluative techniques, and treatment options for individuals presenting with this particular condition. Treatment consisted of therapeutic exercises targeting the hip abductors and external rotators to establish normal pelvic control during dynamic activities. Stretching exercises focused on elongation of the quadriceps musculature and the gastrocnemius and soleus. Following 9 visits the patient demonstrated improved dynamic control of the hip, normal strength values for hip musculature, and no pain with activities. Scores on the NDI improved 70-80%, and the Kujala scale score improved by 31 points. This case example demonstrates the effectiveness of an anterior knee pain algorithm in the treatment of knee pain, utilizing a regional interdependence approach.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: Pauley_fgcu_1743_10111
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Evidence-Based Physical Therapy Practice for Patients with Scleroderma.
Creator: Attia, Matthew Wade
Abstract/Description: Scleroderma i.e. systemic sclerosis is a rare rheumatic autoimmune disease characterized by fibroblast dysfunction with excessive collagen deposition leading to vasculopathy and subsequent dysfunction throughout the body. This case report addresses the care provided to a 71 year-old Caucasian female who was treated for cervical dysfunction in an outpatient orthopedic clinic. The symptoms experienced by patients with the diffuse progressive form of the disease are diverse and systemic....
Show moreScleroderma i.e. systemic sclerosis is a rare rheumatic autoimmune disease characterized by fibroblast dysfunction with excessive collagen deposition leading to vasculopathy and subsequent dysfunction throughout the body. This case report addresses the care provided to a 71 year-old Caucasian female who was treated for cervical dysfunction in an outpatient orthopedic clinic. The symptoms experienced by patients with the diffuse progressive form of the disease are diverse and systemic. Physical therapists should ensure that patient care is multidisciplinary and has an emphasis on prevention. It should also be focused on delaying functional limitations, treating exacerbated symptoms, and gathering baseline information to track disease progression and guide further treatment. Current literature and evidence-based research is very limited regarding physical therapy and our potential interventions to this patient population. This case report identifies the treatment provided to this patient, as well as recommendations on providing current and research-based interventions specific to a patient with a diagnosis of systemic sclerosis.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: Attia_fgcu_1743_10065
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Exercises Tailored to Meet the Needs of Submarine Pitchers.
Creator: Mullaney, Kurtis
Abstract/Description: Background: In order to remain healthy while performing at a high level, athletes must exercise in a manner that is functional and translatable to the movement being produced during sport. In order to accomplish this, exercises are often modified to meet the specific demands of different sporting activities. Purpose: Although many studies have been performed on several aspects of baseball pitching, few studies have focused on the submarine pitcher. This pilot study investigated the difference...
Show moreBackground: In order to remain healthy while performing at a high level, athletes must exercise in a manner that is functional and translatable to the movement being produced during sport. In order to accomplish this, exercises are often modified to meet the specific demands of different sporting activities. Purpose: Although many studies have been performed on several aspects of baseball pitching, few studies have focused on the submarine pitcher. This pilot study investigated the difference in the activation patterns of select muscles for subjects conducting two exercises: the cable retraction with external rotation exercise and the modified version of the same exercise, which had been tailored to the submarine pitcher. The following research was performed to advance the literature devoted to the specific needs of submarine pitchers, and to raise awareness on the lack of literature devoted to this style of throwing. Subjects: 16 healthy males ages 18-35 with previous high school, college, and/or professional baseball experience participated in this study. Methods: Each subject was observed performing five repetitions of the two exercises, while motion and muscle activation patterns of the posterior deltoid, the infraspinatus, the middle trapezius, and the lower trapezius were captured using the Qualisys Motion Capture System in conjunction with the Noraxon SEMG system. Results: No significant differences were found between the two exercises in terms of muscle activation patterns of the four muscles being studied. A positive correlation was found between the muscle activation patterns of the two exercises, indicating that both exercises may accomplish the same goal when it comes to strengthening the four targeted muscles. A significant difference was found in the angle of abduction in which peak muscle activation occurred for the posterior deltoid (13°), the middle trapezius (17°), and lower trapezius (14°).
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: Mullaney_fgcu_1743_10120
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: EXERCISES TAILORED TO MEET THE NEEDS OF SUBMARINE PITCHERS.
Creator: Klein, Michael
Abstract/Description: Background: In order to remain healthy while performing at a high level, athletes must exercise in a manner that is functional and translatable to the movement being produced during sport. In order to accomplish this, exercises are often modified to meet the specific demands of different sporting activities. Purpose: Although many studies have been performed on several aspects of baseball pitching, few studies have focused on the submarine pitcher. This pilot study investigated the difference...
Show moreBackground: In order to remain healthy while performing at a high level, athletes must exercise in a manner that is functional and translatable to the movement being produced during sport. In order to accomplish this, exercises are often modified to meet the specific demands of different sporting activities. Purpose: Although many studies have been performed on several aspects of baseball pitching, few studies have focused on the submarine pitcher. This pilot study investigated the difference in the activation patterns of select muscles for subjects conducting two exercises: the cable retraction with external rotation exercise and the modified version of the same exercise, which had been tailored to the submarine pitcher. The following research was performed to advance the literature devoted to the specific needs of submarine pitchers, and to raise awareness on the lack of literature devoted to this style of throwing. Subjects: 16 healthy males ages 18-35 with previous high school, college, and/or professional baseball experience participated in this study. Methods: Each subject was observed performing five repetitions of the two exercises, while motion and muscle activation patterns of the posterior deltoid, the infraspinatus, the middle trapezius, and the lower trapezius were captured using the Qualisys Motion Capture System in conjunction with the Noraxon SEMG system. Results: No significant differences were found between the two exercises in terms of muscle activation patterns of the four muscles being studied. A positive correlation was found between the muscle activation patterns of the two exercises, indicating that both exercises may accomplish the same goal when it comes to strengthening the four targeted muscles. A significant difference was found in the angle of abduction in which peak muscle activation occurred for the posterior deltoid (13°), the middle trapezius (17°), and lower trapezius (14°).
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: Klein_fgcu_1743_10122
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Factors affecting the restoration of Vallisneria americana in the Caloosahatchee River.
Creator: Ross, Kory M.
Abstract/Description: Globally, rivers and estuaries have been exposed to heavy exploitation, pollution, and landscape alterations, leading to losses of habitat and ecological functions. In particular, submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) habitats have declined globally, impacting the ecological functions they contribute. The Caloosahatchee River and Estuary are located on the southwest coast of Florida. Development and hydrologic alteration in the Caloosahatchee watershed have drastically altered the ecology of the...
Show moreGlobally, rivers and estuaries have been exposed to heavy exploitation, pollution, and landscape alterations, leading to losses of habitat and ecological functions. In particular, submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) habitats have declined globally, impacting the ecological functions they contribute. The Caloosahatchee River and Estuary are located on the southwest coast of Florida. Development and hydrologic alteration in the Caloosahatchee watershed have drastically altered the ecology of the river and estuary. This has led to loss of SAV, which serves as an indicator of the overall health of the system. The aim of this project was to examine factors affecting the growth of restoration plantings of the freshwater SAV Vallisneria americana in the Caloosahatchee River. Factors examined included sediment characteristics, planting densities, herbivore exclosure size, and genetic strain of donor plants. Response variables included the number of rosettes and blades, blade morphology, and total plant biomass. Significant differences were found between the two strains in terms of mean number of rosettes and blades. No significant differences were found between the two sites used in Phase I. In comparing the mean final percent frequency of occurrence among sites in Phase II, a significant difference was found with strain. In comparing the final number of rosettes among sites in Phase II, a significant difference was found with site. Significant differences were found with average blade length and average leaf area among the sites in Phase II. Average blade length, width, and leaf area were significantly different when compared between strains in Phase II. Determining the difference of small versus large exclosures was strictly a qualitative assessment. Differences and similarities were observed when examining transportation and deployment, planting and sampling effort, wave action, and herbivory. When examining planting density the results indicate the initial planting density had no effect on the growth of V. americana. Although planting density lacks a vital role in the growth and establishment of V. americana, genetics may account for observed differences. Preparation for a SAV restoration that includes an investigation of the donor plants genetic makeup should be standard practice. Restoration of any species to an extirpated site will involve attempting to find appropriate genetic material often from geographically separated populations. In addition to genetics the site selection is another critical factor when considering a SAV restoration attempt.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: Ross__fgcu_1743_10203
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Force Produced by Orthopedic Physical Therapists During Thoracic Spine Joint Mobility Assessment and Manipulation.
Creator: Hoogerhyde, Jordan
Abstract/Description: Objective: To quantify the amount of force orthopedic physical therapists use to perform joint mobility assessment and grades I to IV of joint manipulation of the thoracic spine. Methods: Nineteen physical therapists working in the outpatient orthopedic setting were recruited to participate. The orthopedic physical therapists performed joint mobility assessment and Maitland grades I-IV manipulation in a posterior-anterior direction on the thoracic spine of the same individual. The forces...
Show moreObjective: To quantify the amount of force orthopedic physical therapists use to perform joint mobility assessment and grades I to IV of joint manipulation of the thoracic spine. Methods: Nineteen physical therapists working in the outpatient orthopedic setting were recruited to participate. The orthopedic physical therapists performed joint mobility assessment and Maitland grades I-IV manipulation in a posterior-anterior direction on the thoracic spine of the same individual. The forces exerted by the physical therapists were measured with the MotionMonitor Manual Therapy system force sensor. Descriptive statistics were performed to determine the mean high and low forces used for thoracic joint mobility assessment and grade I-IV manipulation, and mean time between oscillations for grade I-IV manipulation. Two repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were performed to determine if significant differences occurred in mean high force and mean low force (N) between manipulation grades I-IV. A third repeated measures ANOVA was performed to determine if significant differences occurred in time between oscillations (s) in grades I-IV manipulation. Results: The results showed a high amount of variability for both high and low mean forces for joint mobility assessment, and a high amount of variability was observed for the Maitland grades I-IV manipulation as well. The mean high force during assessment was 104.93 N (SD=33.80) and the mean low force was 63.20 N (SD=33.35). Grade I high force of 49.38 + 30.05 N, and grade IV high force of 129.71 + 62.37 N. Grade I low force of 33.33 + 26.07 N, grade IV low force of 84.95 + 59.21 N. Time between grade I oscillations of .78 + .53 seconds, and time between grade IV oscillations of .87 + .75 seconds. A statistically significant difference was found in force (N) between grades I-IV of joint manipulation for both mean high force (F=22.004, df=3, p=.000) and mean low force (F=11.095, df=3, p=.000). There was also a statistically significant difference (F=4.436,df=3,p=.019) in time (s) between oscillations in grades I-IV of joint manipulation. Conclusion: There is a high amount of variability between orthopedic physical therapists for both high and low mean forces used to perform thoracic joint mobility assessment, and Maitland grades I-IV of joint manipulation. Further research is needed to improve clinical standardization of joint assessment and manipulation techniques.
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Date Issued: 2018-04-02
Identifier: fgcu_ETD_0250
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Fragile Spectres: How Women of Victorian Britain used the Occult and Spiritualist Movement to Create Autonomy.
Creator: Drew, Danielle Jean
Abstract/Description: This research observes and illustrates ways in which British women of the mid- to late-nineteenth century used the occult revival and spiritualist movements of the Victorian period to generate spiritual, physical, and financial autonomy for themselves in a culture that sought to confine middle-class women to the home. Using the stories of women in the occult and spiritualist movements, namely the stories of Georgiana Houghton, Emma Hardinge Britten, and Rosa Campbell Praed, this thesis shows...
Show moreThis research observes and illustrates ways in which British women of the mid- to late-nineteenth century used the occult revival and spiritualist movements of the Victorian period to generate spiritual, physical, and financial autonomy for themselves in a culture that sought to confine middle-class women to the home. Using the stories of women in the occult and spiritualist movements, namely the stories of Georgiana Houghton, Emma Hardinge Britten, and Rosa Campbell Praed, this thesis shows that middle class mediums generated more independence and autonomy for themselves by embracing this new cultural movement through the practice of seance, mediumship, public lecture, and publication, in contrast to their non-occultist and non-spiritualist female counterparts.
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Date Issued: 2017-04-19
Identifier: Drew_fgcu_1743_10239
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Functional Movement Index as a New Provider-Driven Tool for Calculating Disability in the Low Back Pain Population.
Creator: Reid, Thomas Matthew
Abstract/Description: Objective: In today's ever changing healthcare environment, there is a growing need for outcomes collection. The benefits range from analyzing the success of physical therapy in practice to reporting to insurance agencies for reimbursement. In the low back pain population, outcomes are primarily collected through patient-driven tools with few provider-driven tools available to the clinician. The purpose of this case report is to define a new provider-driven outcome tool for the assessment of...
Show moreObjective: In today's ever changing healthcare environment, there is a growing need for outcomes collection. The benefits range from analyzing the success of physical therapy in practice to reporting to insurance agencies for reimbursement. In the low back pain population, outcomes are primarily collected through patient-driven tools with few provider-driven tools available to the clinician. The purpose of this case report is to define a new provider-driven outcome tool for the assessment of disability in patients with low back pain. Measurement Tool: The tool named Functional Movement Index (FMI) has five movements consisting of sit-to-stand, step up, lateral duck under, kneeling, and overhead reach. Each movement has a calculated starting point and is measured on a 0-5 point scale ranging from no disability to maximum disability or unable to perform. Method: Two patients with chronic low back pain were selected for the first administration of the FMI tool and also filled out the Oswestry Disability Index for comparison. Each patient was tested on the FMI and ODI at the time of their initial visit, performed physical therapy 2 times per week for 4 weeks, and retested during their eighth and final visit. Findings: Patient number one had a 20% improvement on the FMI compared to 22% on the ODI. Patient number two had a 12% improvement on the FMI compared to a 6% improvement on the ODI. Discussion: This is the first use of the FMI in clinical practice. There were similar scores between the ODI and the FMI with patient number one, but different scores with patient number two. These differences may be the result of the measurement of a new dimension of function. Future research is needed to determine the best movements for testing, proper scoring procedures, establishing test reliability, and whether or not this is a valid instrument for clinical practice.
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Identifier: Reid_fgcu_1743_10098
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM: PARENTAL VIEW ON EFFICACY OF GPS TRACKING DEVICES FOR CHILDREN’S MOVEMENT.
Creator: Albu, Gabriela
Abstract/Description: This study was designed to identify how likely will parents or caregivers use a GPS device (Global Positioning System) for prepubescent children for safety purposes. This original research could be a step closer to child safety and prevention from children going missing. Studies show that the first three hours are the most critical when trying to locate a missing child, and death most likely occurs in the first three hours of the abduction. Previous research on GPS tracking devices for...
Show moreThis study was designed to identify how likely will parents or caregivers use a GPS device (Global Positioning System) for prepubescent children for safety purposes. This original research could be a step closer to child safety and prevention from children going missing. Studies show that the first three hours are the most critical when trying to locate a missing child, and death most likely occurs in the first three hours of the abduction. Previous research on GPS tracking devices for children emerged into trust issues, device performances, child's location-time pattern, the evolution of technology used from an infant to the prepubescent, or understanding children's everyday mobility. No research has been done in U.S. on parental view on GPS devices for child protection when they travel or spend time unescorted. This study analyzed 101 surveys completed by parents or caregivers of children age 6 to 11 years old. As an instrument of measurement, the researcher used a survey addressed to parents of school children 6 to 11 years old, which was distributed through the Survey Monkey Audience website. The majority of the participants in this study is not using a device for child safety (81%). In contrast with the results of the study conducted in the UK (Vasalou, Oostveen, and Joinson, 2012), where parents willing to use these technologies with their children were a minority, whereas in U.S., parents or caregivers willing to use GPS devices for child safety were not a minority (83%). About 50% of the total respondents reported that it is very or somewhat likely to use a monitoring device for child safety. Still, there is a lack of parental knowledge about the GPS devices designed for child safety (33% are familiar with these devices). This study could be a contribution to the body of knowledge working to protect children. Could be a reference for parents to better understand the functionality of these devices, and for tracking device manufacturers to acknowledge and adapt the products to consumer's necessity. This study could be used as a reference for other researchers that are going to complete work in this area of study.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: Albu__fgcu_1743_10193
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Golf Specific Physical Therapy for Performance and Injury Prevention.
Creator: Esperon, Daniel Marc
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this case study is to discuss and establish evidence to support and further the field of golf fitness and physical therapy. The ultimate goal for a golfer is to achieve proper speed, accuracy and consistency by bringing a large number of segments into action in the correct sequence. Physical limitations in the areas of mobility, flexibility, stability and strength can limit the ability of the golfer to execute a biomechanically efficient golf swing. Most of the game's best...
Show moreThe purpose of this case study is to discuss and establish evidence to support and further the field of golf fitness and physical therapy. The ultimate goal for a golfer is to achieve proper speed, accuracy and consistency by bringing a large number of segments into action in the correct sequence. Physical limitations in the areas of mobility, flexibility, stability and strength can limit the ability of the golfer to execute a biomechanically efficient golf swing. Most of the game's best athletes are currently redefining golf to include not only golf professionals, but health professionals as well. Case patient is a 62 year old male who has been playing golf for 20 years. Prior to initiating programming, the patient's chief complaint was bilateral hip pain and muscular restriction feeling when performing physical activity. The patient experienced intermittent pain in bilateral hips which was exacerbated with axial loading and during rotational movements in standing. A 20-week periodized program designed to fulfill all necessary aspects of golf specific strength and conditioning was used. Flexibility and strengthening were highlighted in this program. Lower body stability accomplished through hip balance and strengthening exercises coupled with tissue extensibility techniques were used in the program. By week 10, the patient was able to complete a full round of golf with minimal to no pain in bilateral hips.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: Esperon_fgcu_1743_10050
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Health Promotion and Wellness in Bariatric Individuals: Benefits of Physical Therapy.
Creator: Smith, Matthew Kent
Abstract/Description: Background and Purpose: In order to address the epidemic of obesity and the many comorbidities often associated with this condition, physical therapists possess expertise applicably suited to facilitate individuals with elevated body mass pursue health and wellness. Case Description: The patient was a 45 year old male who was 179.07 cm tall and weighed 138.44 kg, for a total of 43.2 on the Body Mass Index (BMI) scale, upon the initial evaluation. A Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)...
Show moreBackground and Purpose: In order to address the epidemic of obesity and the many comorbidities often associated with this condition, physical therapists possess expertise applicably suited to facilitate individuals with elevated body mass pursue health and wellness. Case Description: The patient was a 45 year old male who was 179.07 cm tall and weighed 138.44 kg, for a total of 43.2 on the Body Mass Index (BMI) scale, upon the initial evaluation. A Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) showed 34.5% body fat upon entering the intervention. The patient demonstrated a sedentary lifestyle prior to the initial encounter. The patient was previously diagnosed with Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS). His pharmacological profile included a beta blocker, calcium channel blocker, and an ACE inhibitor for blood pressure medication as well as a dopamine promoter to address the RLS. Aside from elevated body mass, the patient’s chief complaint was of pain in multiple joints with activity and weight bearing. Outcome measures included Seven Site Skinfold measurements, circumferential measurements at 5 locations, the Sharpened Rhomberg Balance test, Functional Squat tests, the Six-Minute Walk Test, and a brief psychological profile consisting of 4 surveys. Interventions took place both in the patient’s home setting as well as the Exercise Science Lab on the campus of Florida Gulf Coast University. Outcomes: Following the intervention period, the patient demonstrated an estimated decrease in fat percentage of 0.2-0.24% fat percentage and showed desirable changes in 3 of the 4 psychological surveys. Discussion: The case report details a physical therapy plan of care for health and wellness for an individual of elevated body mass. The intervention focuses on developing core musculature and promoting functional, pain free movement. The intervention consists of both aerobic and resistance training. The primary limitation of the intervention period was the duration. Further research should include an 8 week intervention with a 6 month follow-up for more long-term evaluation.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: Smith__fgcu_1743_10192
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: Home range size and habitat use of the Eastern Indigo Snake (Drymarchon couperi) at a disturbed agricultural site in south Florida.
Creator: Jackson, S. Brent
Abstract/Description: The Eastern Indigo Snake (Drymarchon couperi) is a species that is federally threatened primarily because of habitat loss and fragmentation. Currently there is a paucity of data relating to populations in the southern portion of this species range, which are believed to be different from the northern populations due to climate and habitat factors. The objectives of this study were to provide baseline data pertaining to home range size, habitat use, seasonal activity patterns,...
Show moreThe Eastern Indigo Snake (Drymarchon couperi) is a species that is federally threatened primarily because of habitat loss and fragmentation. Currently there is a paucity of data relating to populations in the southern portion of this species range, which are believed to be different from the northern populations due to climate and habitat factors. The objectives of this study were to provide baseline data pertaining to home range size, habitat use, seasonal activity patterns, and refugia use in disturbed habitats in south Florida using radio telemetry. The field site for this study is the home to the future C44 reservoir and stormwater treatment area included in the Central and Southern Florida Project of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. It is an abandoned citrus grove intersected with canals, ditches, and dirt roads located in western Martin County Florida. A total of five snakes including four males and one female were sufficiently tracked for analysis between the dates of January 2012 and March 2013. Total home range size varied from 9.71 – 65.78 ha. Several of the individuals tracked showed a preference for canal habitats particularly during the winter months. All individuals tracked remained active all year long and showed no significant difference in activity based on mean meters traveled per day when compared between seasons. The two male snakes tracked for the longest period of time showed a significant preference for artificial refugia in cooler temperatures and natural refugia in warmer temperatures. D. couperi using the C44 reservoir site demonstrate trends in home range size, habitat use, seasonal activity patterns, and seasonal refugia preferences that differ from other populations of this species. These differences highlight the need for conservation biologists to consider ecological and behavioral differences across the range of a species, and within human dominated landscapes, when developing management plans. Understanding the role of disturbed habitats as possible acceptable habitat for endangered and threatened species is integral to their continued survival.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: Jackson_fgcu_1743_10022
Format: Document (PDF)

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