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The effects of tidal restriction on mangrove community structure and recovery post-hurricane disturbance: Revisiting Hurricane Charley (2004) effects on sanibel-Captiva, Fl.
Title
The effects of tidal restriction on mangrove community structure and recovery post-hurricane disturbance: Revisiting Hurricane Charley (2004) effects on sanibel-Captiva, Fl.
Creator
Harris, Rachel Joy
Abstract / Description
Mangroves are key resources of tropical and subtropical coastal environments because of their ability to buffer hurricane effects such as severe winds, surge flooding, and heavy erosion. Because of their critical role in protecting the shoreline, maintaining ecosystem functions, and providing habitat, mangrove community recovery post-hurricane disturbance is a concern to coastal areas. We examined the effects of hurricane disturbance within four regions along a decreasing wind intensity...
Show moreMangroves are key resources of tropical and subtropical coastal environments because of their ability to buffer hurricane effects such as severe winds, surge flooding, and heavy erosion. Because of their critical role in protecting the shoreline, maintaining ecosystem functions, and providing habitat, mangrove community recovery post-hurricane disturbance is a concern to coastal areas. We examined the effects of hurricane disturbance within four regions along a decreasing wind intensity gradient and the effects of altered hydrology on mangrove post-hurricane recovery via tidally "restricted" and "unrestricted" locations. Data was collected on seedling densities, seedling recruitment, growth rates, litter fall, and canopy closure. Tidal amplitude was quantified to confirm tidal restriction. Results confirmed tidally restricted locations as having significantly lower ( 11 .07 cm) tidal amplitude than unrestricted locations (2 1.68 cm). Three years following Hurricane Charley our data suggest significantly lower mean seedling densities in tidally restricted locations (10.2 seedlings m·2) compared to unrestricted locations (32.0 seedlings m·2 ) and significantly lower mean seedling densities in regions of higher hurricane wind intensity (Captiva, 6.3 seedlings m"2; North Sanibel, 9.2 seedlings m·2; Central Sanibel, 29.94 seedlings m"2 ; East Sanibel, 42.80 seedlings m"2 ) . Mean seedling recruitment for both the third and fourth reproductive seasons post Charley (2004) were higher in unrestricted locations (3'd, 16.6 seedlings m·2; 4'h, 28.15 seedlings m·2) than in restricted locations (3'd, 6.9 seedlings m·2, 4'h, 9.1 seedlings m·2), with the difference significant in 2007. For the third reproductive season post Charley, mean seedling recruitment displayed significant regional differences (Captiva, 5.5 seedlings m·2 ; North Sanibel, 4.8 seedlings m"2; Central Sanibel, 16.3 seedlings m"2; East Sanibel, 21 .8 seedlings m"2). Unrestricted locations (AGR 0.11 cm·yr"1 , RGR 0.08 cm·yr-1) had significantly higher growth rates than restricted locations (AGR 0.04 cm·yr"1 , RGR 0.03 cm·yr-1) and significant regional differences (Captiva, AGR 0.09 cm·yr"1 , RGR 0.06 cm·yr" 1; North Sanibel, AGR 0.09 cm·yr"1 , RGR 0.07 cm·yr-1; Central Sanibel, AGR 0.14 cm·yr·1, RGR 0.10 cm·yr"1 ; East Sanibel, AGR 0.03 cm·yr"1 , RGR 0.02 cm·yr"1) . The dry weight and ash free dry weight of litter fall displayed similar trends, with unrestricted locations (OW 154.04 g·m·2·yr"1, AFDW 133. 11 g·m·2·yr-1) having significantly higher litter fall than restricted locations (DW 41.78 g·m·2·yr"1 , AFDW 35.33 g·m·2·yr" 1 ) and significantly lower litter fall in regions of higher hurricane wind intensity (Captiva, OW 26.37 g·m·2·yr·1, AFDW 22.85 g·m·2·yr" 1; North Sanibel, DW 79.33 g·m·2·yr"\AFDW 68. 14 g·m·2·yr"1; Central Sanibel, OW 12 1.48 g·m·2·yr"1, AFDW 107.49 g·m·2·yr"1; East Sanibel, OW 170.67 g·m·2·yr"1; AFDW 143.77 g·m·2·yr-1) . Three years after Hurricane Charley percent canopy closure revealed a significant regional trend of increasing means with decreasing wind intensity (Captiva, 30.9 %; North Sanibel, 33.2 %; Central Sanibel, 62. I %; East Sanibel, 86. I %). Our results indicate that both tidal influence and hurricane wind intensity impact post hurricane mangrove recovery with measures of productivity and stand structure decreasing with hurricane intensity and tidal restriction. These results provide insight into the mangrove recovery dynamics, and are useful to both restoration and land use planning which are essential in the sustainable management practices of barrier island systems.
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Date Issued
2008
Identifier
fgcu_ETD_0470
Format
Document (PDF)
Change in Animal Policies Regarding Natural Disasters in Florida.
Title
Change in Animal Policies Regarding Natural Disasters in Florida.
Creator
Diehm, Nicole, Shafer, Richard
Abstract / Description
Over time, since Hurricane Andrew in 1992, people have become more responsible regarding animal safety during hurricane season. But the catalyst seemed to occur between the 2004 and 2005 seasons. Without collecting the oral histories of people who lived through these events, it would have been harder to notice that turning point, because most scholarship has focused on the human aspects of evacuation behavior. Once we knew where to find information regarding the animals, we could deepen the...
Show moreOver time, since Hurricane Andrew in 1992, people have become more responsible regarding animal safety during hurricane season. But the catalyst seemed to occur between the 2004 and 2005 seasons. Without collecting the oral histories of people who lived through these events, it would have been harder to notice that turning point, because most scholarship has focused on the human aspects of evacuation behavior. Once we knew where to find information regarding the animals, we could deepen the research and discover the changes that were made, and why.
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Date Issued
2017
Identifier
fgcu_surs_17_0023
Format
Document (PDF)
Marine Detectices on Trail of Toxic Super Bug
Title
Marine Detectices on Trail of Toxic Super Bug. Volume 13, Number 1.
Date Issued
Fall 2019
Identifier
FGCU360_MarineDetectives
Format
Document (PDF)
Liberal Arts
Title
Liberal Arts: Why They Still Matter. Volume 12, Number 2.
Date Issued
Spring 2019
Identifier
FGCU360_LiberalArts
Format
Document (PDF)
Effects of Tidal Restriction and Historical Hurricane Frequency on Mangrove Forest Structure and Community Composition
Title
Effects of Tidal Restriction and Historical Hurricane Frequency on Mangrove Forest Structure and Community Composition.
Creator
Diaz, Gianna Ann
Abstract / Description
Mangrove ecosystems have important ecological and economic functions, including: being breeding grounds and nurseries for birds, fish, crustaceans, shellfish, reptiles, and mammals; being accumulation sites for carbon and nutrients; offering protection against coastal erosion; and offering protection against storm surge and wind damage during hurricanes and tidal waves (Mitsch & Gosselink 2015, Alongi 2002). I established twenty-seven plots in five locations across a hurricane history...
Show moreMangrove ecosystems have important ecological and economic functions, including: being breeding grounds and nurseries for birds, fish, crustaceans, shellfish, reptiles, and mammals; being accumulation sites for carbon and nutrients; offering protection against coastal erosion; and offering protection against storm surge and wind damage during hurricanes and tidal waves (Mitsch & Gosselink 2015, Alongi 2002). I established twenty-seven plots in five locations across a hurricane history continuum along the southwest coast of Florida, these five locations became five different “regions” that were separated due to differences in hurricane histories. In each location, except Region 1, three plots had restricted tidal flow and three plots did not. In each plot: seedling densities, sapling densities, tree densities, hurricane damage, DBH of trees, and canopy openness were measured. One and two-way ANOVAs, cluster analysis, and multi-dimensional scaling analysis were used to analyze these data. The data analysis did not indicate a clear and consistent pattern across regions or tidally restricted and unrestricted plots. Significant differences among plots varied, but there are indications that seedling dynamics play an important role in these differences. Multivariate analysis of forest status parameters did show a separation between region 5 (where the most hurricanes have hit) and region three (where the least hurricanes have hit). Further, the multivariate analysis of seedling and saplings showed some pattern of grouping with tidal restriction. To better understand this data it would be beneficial to look at a larger disturbance history, to create a continuum of tidal restriction, and to use mangrove taxa as stress and recovery indicators.
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Date Issued
2019-08-23
Identifier
fgcu_ETD_0310
Format
Document (PDF)
The Prediction of Hurricane Storm Surges
Title
The Prediction of Hurricane Storm Surges.
Creator
Harris, D. Lee
Date Issued
1982-11
Identifier
fgcu_swfe_0833
Format
Document (PDF)
Wading Bird Occupancy of Mangroves Damaged by Hurricane Irma
Title
Wading Bird Occupancy of Mangroves Damaged by Hurricane Irma.
Creator
Cheadle, Gina
Abstract / Description
Wading birds occupy a variety of coastal and wetland ecosystems that provide resources to support their survival and breeding requirements. Along the coasts of Southwest Florida, wading bird communities are a conspicuous part of mangrove ecosystems. As the coastal avifauna of subtropical regions has evolved within an active storm regime, this study aimed to assess the suitability of damaged mangroves as a habitat for wading birds following the hit of Hurricane Irma in September 2017. Field...
Show moreWading birds occupy a variety of coastal and wetland ecosystems that provide resources to support their survival and breeding requirements. Along the coasts of Southwest Florida, wading bird communities are a conspicuous part of mangrove ecosystems. As the coastal avifauna of subtropical regions has evolved within an active storm regime, this study aimed to assess the suitability of damaged mangroves as a habitat for wading birds following the hit of Hurricane Irma in September 2017. Field observations were conducted in a two-month period from June 10 to August 10, 2018 at Rookery Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve and at the Ten Thousands Islands Wildlife Refuge in Collier County, Florida. Wading birds were counted along boat routes within both study sites. Wading bird presence, behavior, and position within vertical strata of mangrove vegetation were documented, along with the approximate extent of defoliation in the used habitat. Additionally, canopy density measurements were evaluated from directly under the mangroves. Data analysis evaluated wading bird presence, foraging behavior, and strata selection with respect to mangrove defoliation from a 10m vantage point; the same measures of wading bird presence, foraging behavior, and strata selection were also compared in relation to canopy cover measurements. For all objectives, Chi-Square and G-Test Goodness-of-Fit tests were used to compare ratios of observations among categorical variables. Shared patterns emerged between both sites, whereby wading birds demonstrated a distinct occupancy of mangrove prop roots, as well as a presence in mangroves with 51-75% mangrove defoliation and 51-100% canopy cover. Interestingly, wading birds in the Ten Thousand Islands indicated an aversion to 76-100% defoliated areas, suggesting that while wading birds have undoubtedly adapted to hurricane impacts throughout time, too much defoliation could make the area unsuitable for supporting their ecological needs. With anthropogenic climate change and global sea level rise posing major threats to wading birds due to alterations in hydrology and water depth, studies of wading birds within mangroves and other impacted habitats are critical to understanding the implications of global change for these coastal ecosystems. My findings that wading birds occupy moderately defoliated mangroves while avoiding severe defoliation enhances our understanding of how storms impact coastal ecosystems, knowledge that will become more and more relevant in an area of increasing hurricane frequency and intensity.
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Date Issued
2020-06-02
Identifier
fgcu_ETD_0340
Format
Document (PDF)
Change in Animal Policies Regarding Natural Disasters in Florida
Title
Change in Animal Policies Regarding Natural Disasters in Florida.
Creator
Diehm, Nicole, Shafer, Richard, Research Day
Abstract / Description
Over time, since Hurricane Andrew in 1992, people have become more responsible regarding animal safety during hurricane season. But the catalyst seemed to occur between the 2004 and 2005 seasons. Without collecting the oral histories of people who lived through these events, it would have been harder to notice that turning point, because most scholarship has focused on the human aspects of evacuation behavior. Once we knew where to find information regarding the animals, we could deepen the...
Show moreOver time, since Hurricane Andrew in 1992, people have become more responsible regarding animal safety during hurricane season. But the catalyst seemed to occur between the 2004 and 2005 seasons. Without collecting the oral histories of people who lived through these events, it would have been harder to notice that turning point, because most scholarship has focused on the human aspects of evacuation behavior. Once we knew where to find information regarding the animals, we could deepen the research and discover the changes that were made, and why.
Show less
Date Issued
2017
Identifier
fgcu_UGR_0011
Format
Document (PDF)
Vegetation Damage by Hurricane
Title
Vegetation Damage by Hurricane.
Abstract / Description
Photograph of vegetation damage by hurricane.
Identifier
fgcu_jn_0446, UF95.01.20
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
Structure Damaged by Hurricane
Title
Structure Damaged by Hurricane.
Abstract / Description
Photograph of structure damaged by hurricane.
Identifier
fgcu_jn_0447, UF95.01.21
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
Trees Damaged by a Hurricane
Title
Trees Damaged by a Hurricane.
Abstract / Description
Photograph of trees damaged by a hurricane.
Identifier
fgcu_jn_0445, UF95.01.19
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
House Destroyed by Hurricane
Title
House Destroyed by Hurricane.
Abstract / Description
Photograph of house destroyed by hurricane.
Identifier
fgcu_jn_0444, UF95.01.18
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
[Blow-down after Hurricane]
Title
[Blow-down after Hurricane].
Date Issued
||||, ||||
Identifier
SW00001155, AAB4961^^QF^, 44960, fgcu:24001
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
[Broad River Mangrove Blow-down]
Title
[Broad River Mangrove Blow-down].
Date Issued
||||, ||||
Identifier
SW00001156, AAB4296^^QF^, 45377, fgcu:24003
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
[Broken Tree]
Title
[Broken Tree].
Date Issued
||||, ||||
Identifier
SW00001160, AAB4298^^QF^, 45581, fgcu:24009
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
[Harney River Mangrove Blow-down]
Title
[Harney River Mangrove Blow-down].
Date Issued
||||, ||||
Identifier
SW00001147, AAB4292^^QF^, 45347, fgcu:23990
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
[Harney River Mangroves]
Title
[Harney River Mangroves].
Date Issued
||||, ||||
Identifier
SW00001150, AAB4959^^QF^, 45173, fgcu:23994
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
[Hole-in-the-Donut road intersection]
Title
[Hole-in-the-Donut road intersection].
Date Issued
||||, ||||
Identifier
SW00001111, AAB4276^^QF^, 45002, fgcu:23938
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
[Hurricane Andrew path across FL]
Title
[Hurricane Andrew path across FL].
Date Issued
||||, ||||
Identifier
SW00001081, AAB4912^^QF^, 45644, fgcu:23900
Format
Image (JPEG2000)
[Lostman's River Ranger Station]
Title
[Lostman's River Ranger Station].
Date Issued
||||, ||||
Identifier
SW00001098, AAB4272^^QF^, 45287, fgcu:23921
Format
Image (JPEG2000)

Pages